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第50回（1957年） Winner
Albert Camus
アルベール・カミュ
Aruberu Kamyu
プロフィール
- 性別
- 男性
- 生誕
- 1913-11-07 （Mondovi (near Dréan), French Algeria）
- 死没
- 1960-01-04 （Villeblevin, Yonne, Burgundy, France） 46歳
- 国籍
- France
- 言語
- French
経歴
- 職業
- Novelist, Playwright, Philosopher, Essayist, Journalist, Critic
- 活動期間
- 1935年〜1960年
- 影響を受けた人物
- Simone Weil, Jean Grenier, Søren Kierkegaard, Fyodor Dostoevsky
- 影響を与えた人物
- Jean-Paul Sartre (mutual influence and famous dispute), Many 20th-century writers and thinkers
学歴
| 学校 | 学部 | 学科 | 学位 | 期間 | 国 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Algiers | Faculty of Arts | — | 学士（文学） | 1932-1936 | French Algeria |
University of Algiers
Faculty of Arts
学位:
学士（文学）
期間:
1932-1936
卒業年:
1936
国:
French Algeria
Thesis: "Métaphysique chrétienne et Néoplatonisme"
受賞歴
| 年 | 賞名 | 対象作品 | 部門 | 主催 | 結果 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1957 | Nobel Prize in Literature | — | — | Swedish Academy | 受賞 |
Nobel Prize in Literature
1957
主催:
Swedish Academy
結果:
受賞
受賞・候補エディション
作品
代表作
The Stranger (L'Étranger)
1942年 NovelSet in Algiers, the novel follows Meursault, whose indifferent reaction to life and death exemplifies Camus's notion of the absurd, questioning justice and social values.
AbsurdityIsolationDeathSocial norms
翻訳
- The Stranger (Japanese translation)
The Myth of Sisyphus (Le Mythe de Sisyphe)
1942年 Essay / PhilosophyAn essay exploring the philosophy of the absurd, addressing suicide and arguing that rebellion against absurdity is the proper human response.
AbsurdityRevoltCritique of suicide
翻訳
- The Myth of Sisyphus (Japanese translation)
The Plague (La Peste)
1947年 NovelAn allegorical novel about an epidemic that isolates a city, focusing on ethics, solidarity and resistance in the face of catastrophe.
SolidarityEthicsAbsurdityResistance to calamity
翻訳
- The Plague (Japanese translation)
全著作
- L'Envers et l'Endroit (1937)
- L'Étranger (1942)
- Le Mythe de Sisyphe (1942)
- Caligula (play, 1944)
- La Peste (1947)
- La Chute (1956)
- L'Exil et le Royaume (1957)
- The Rebel (L'Homme révolté) (1951/1952)
- The First Man (Le Premier Homme) (posthumous, 1994)
翻案
- The Plague (multiple stage and screen adaptations)
- The Stranger (film and stage adaptations)
作家による翻訳
- La Dévotion à la Croix (translations/adaptations of Spanish classics)
作風・主題
- 文体
- Concise and lucid proseAllegorical and philosophical narrationCalm observation with ethical insight
- 頻出モチーフ
- AbsurdityRevoltDeathSolidarity
健康
-
Tuberculosis1930年代初期から生涯にかけて断続的に罹患Experienced haemoptysis and intermittent long-term illness; his health remained fragile and affected his life and work.
評価・遺産
One of the major 20th-century writers and thinkers. Widely recognized for his philosophy of the absurd and ethical humanism; awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1957. A symbolic figure of postwar humanism in Europe.
記念館・博物館
- Fonds Albert Camus (Albert Camus Collection) Aix-en-Provence (Cité du livre and related archives)
関連学会
- Albert Camus societies and research groups (various countries)
資料所蔵先
- Fonds Albert Camus - Cité du livre (Aix-en-Provence)
大衆文化への影響
- His works and ideas are frequently referenced in film, theatre and education
引用
-
In the midst of winter I found there was, within me, an invincible summer.
出典: Commonly attributed to Albert Camus
豆知識
- Received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1957 (aged 43, one of the younger postwar laureates)
- Died in a car accident in 1960
- Suffered from tuberculosis from early adulthood