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Ayaan Hirsi Ali

アヤーン・ヒルシ・アリ

Ayaan Hirsi Ali

別名: Ayaan Hirsi Magan / Ayaan Xirsi Cali

プロフィール

性別
女性
生誕
1969-11-13 （Mogadishu, Somalia）
国籍
Somalia, Netherlands, United States
言語
English, Somali, Arabic, Swahili, Amharic, Dutch
宗教
Christianity (converted) 2023年受洗
居住地歴
Somalia (early childhood) → Saudi Arabia → Ethiopia → Kenya (about 10 years) → Netherlands (arrived 1992) → United States (primarily Washington, D.C., and elsewhere)

経歴

職業
Politician, Author, Activist, Public intellectual
活動期間
1992年〜
所属
American Enterprise Institute (AEI), Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard University (Fellow), Hoover Institution (Stanford University), AHA Foundation (founder and president)
所属団体
Member of the Mont Pelerin Society
影響を受けた人物
Bernard Lewis, Herman Philipse, Christopher Hitchens
影響を与えた人物
Yasmine Mohammed, Maryam Namazie
ノミネート
Nobel Peace Prize nominee (nominated in 2006 by Norwegian parliamentarian)

学歴

Leiden University
Faculty of Political Science
学位: MSc（政治学）
国: Netherlands
Obtained a master's degree in political science
HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht (introductory social work course)
Introductory course in social work
国: Netherlands
One-year introductory course

受賞歴

Prize of Liberty
2004
主催: Nova Civitas
結果: 受賞
Freedom Prize (Venstre)
2004
主催: Venstre (Denmark)
結果: 受賞
Harriet Freezerring Emancipation Prize
2005
主催: Opzij (editor-endowed prize)
結果: 受賞
Bellwether Prize
2005
主催: Human Rights Service (Norway)
結果: 受賞
Democracy Prize
2005
主催: Liberal People's Party (Sweden)
結果: 受賞
Time 100 (one of the 100 most influential people)
2005
部門: Leaders & Revolutionaries
主催: Time magazine
結果: 選出
Tolerance Prize
2005
主催: Madrid
結果: 受賞
Reader's Digest European of the Year
2006
主催: Reader's Digest (European editors)
結果: 受賞
Glas der Vernunft
2006
主催: Awarding body (Kassel)
結果: 受賞
Moral Courage Award
2006
主催: American Jewish Committee
結果: 受賞
Goldwater Award
2007
主催: Goldwater Institute
結果: 受賞
Simone de Beauvoir Prize
2008
主催: Simone de Beauvoir Prize organization
結果: 受賞（共同受賞）
Anisfield-Wolf Book Award
2008
対象作品: Infidel
部門: ノンフィクション
主催: Anisfield-Wolf
結果: 受賞
Emperor Has No Clothes Award
2010
主催: Freedom From Religion Foundation
結果: 受賞
Philip Merrill Award for Outstanding Contributions to Liberal Arts Education
2016
主催: American Council of Trustees and Alumni
結果: 受賞
Oxi Day Courage Award
2017
主催: Washington Oxi Day Foundation
結果: 受賞

受賞・候補エディション

作品

代表作

De zoontjesfabriek (The Son Factory)

2002年 Essay collection / Social commentary

A collection of essays about Islam and integration, discussing the situation of Muslim women in the Netherlands.

Women's rightsImmigration and integration

The Caged Virgin

2004年 Polemic / Essay collection

A collection of essays criticising the oppression of women and certain Islamic practices.

Women's emancipationCritique of religion

Infidel: My Life

2006年 Memoir 447ページ

An autobiography recounting her childhood, political career in the Netherlands, and move to the United States; discusses FGM, alleged forced marriage, and her critique of Islam.

Personal historyWomen's rightsTestimony and reform

Nomad: From Islam to America

2010年 Memoir / Commentary

A sequel memoir exploring her life after renouncing Islam, her move to America, and evolving views on religion and women's rights.

Religion and conversionImmigrant experience

Heretic: Why Islam Needs a Reformation Now

2015年 Polemic

An argument for a reformation within Islam, identifying historical interpretations and institutional problems that must change.

Religious reformationReligion and violence

Prey: Immigration, Islam, and the Erosion of Women's Rights

2021年 Polemic / Social commentary

A recent book arguing connections between immigration and sexual violence and warning about erosion of women's rights in Europe.

Immigration policyWomen's safety

全著作

  • De zoontjesfabriek (2002)
  • De Maagdenkooi / The Caged Virgin (2004)
  • Mijn Vrijheid / Infidel (2006 NL / 2007 EN)
  • Nomad: From Islam to America (2010)
  • Heretic: Why Islam Needs a Reformation Now (2015)
  • Prey: Immigration, Islam, and the Erosion of Women's Rights (2021)

翻案

  • Short film 'Submission' (2004)

作風・主題

文体
Direct and polemical styleBlend of memoir and political argument
頻出モチーフ
FreedomWomen's rightsCritique of religionDefense of Western liberal values

健康

  • Female genital mutilation (FGM)
    幼少期（5歳時）
    Underwent FGM at age five; she has described this childhood trauma and it has influenced her activism against the practice.

評価・遺産

Internationally known commentator on women's rights and critic of Islam. Celebrated by supporters as a defender of women's emancipation and criticised by others as Islamophobic. Her books became bestsellers and have shaped public debate.

関連学会

  • Mont Pelerin Society (member)

資料所蔵先

  • Various archives of writings and public statements (digital and publisher archives)

大衆文化への影響

  • Her collaboration on the film 'Submission' led to controversy and was followed by the assassination of Theo van Gogh
  • Was listed on an al-Qaeda-associated hit list and has been subject to death threats

引用

  • “Islam is part religion, and part a political-military doctrine.”
    出典: Public statements and interviews (various) (2007年)

豆知識

  • Arrived in the Netherlands in 1992 and applied for asylum.
  • Resigned from the Dutch parliament in 2006 after controversy over her asylum application details.
  • Received U.S. permanent residency in 2007 and became a U.S. citizen in 2013.
  • Announced conversion to Christianity in 2023.