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第13回（1981年） Winner
Bhisham Sahni
ビシャム・サーニ
Bhisham Sahni
プロフィール
- 性別
- 男性
- 生誕
- 1915-08-08 （Rawalpindi (then British India)）
- 死没
- 2003-07-11 （Delhi, India） 87歳
- 国籍
- Indian
- 言語
- Hindi, Punjabi, English, Urdu, Sanskrit
- 居住地歴
- Rawalpindi (birthplace) → Lahore (studies) → Moscow (worked as translator) → Delhi (teaching and literary work) → Punjab (teaching and theatre activities) → Bombay/Mumbai (cultural associations)
経歴
- 職業
- writer, playwright, actor, translator, lecturer
- 活動期間
- 1955年〜2003年
- 所属
- Indian People’s Theatre Association (IPTA), Communist Party of India, All India Progressive Writers Association, SAHMAT (in memory of Safdar Hashmi), Afro-Asian Writers' Association
学歴
| 学校 | 学部 | 学科 | 学位 | 期間 | 国 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Government College, Lahore | Faculty of English | Department of English | MA (English) | — | British India (present-day Pakistan) |
| Panjab University, Chandigarh | Postgraduate | Department of English | Ph.D. | — | India |
Government College, Lahore
Faculty of English
/ Department of English
学位:
MA (English)
国:
British India (present-day Pakistan)
Master's degree earned (year not specified)
Panjab University, Chandigarh
Postgraduate
/ Department of English
学位:
Ph.D.
卒業年:
1958
国:
India
Awarded Ph.D. in 1958
受賞歴
| 年 | 賞名 | 対象作品 | 部門 | 主催 | 結果 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1975 | Sahitya Akademi Award | Tamas | — | Sahitya Akademi | 受賞 |
| 1998 | Padma Bhushan (for literature) | — | 文学 | Government of India | 受賞 |
| 2002 | Sahitya Akademi Fellowship | — | — | Sahitya Akademi | 受賞（フェロー選出） |
| 2001 | Sangeet Natak Akademi Award | — | 演劇 | Sangeet Natak Akademi | 受賞 |
| 1983 | Soviet Land Nehru Award | — | — | Soviet Land | 受賞 |
| 1975 | Uttar Pradesh Government Award | Tamas | — | Government of Uttar Pradesh | 受賞 |
| 1979 | Shiromani Writers Award | — | — | unknown | 受賞 |
| 1981 | Lotus Award | — | — | Afro-Asian Writers' Association | 受賞 |
| 1975 | Madhya Pradesh Kala Sahitya Parishad Award | Hanush | — | Madhya Pradesh Kala Sahitya Parishad | 受賞 |
| 2004 | Colour of Nation Award at International Theatre Festival (Russia) | Madhavi (performance by Rashi Bunny) | 演劇 | International Theatre Festival, Russia | 受賞（演目受賞） |
| 1999 | Shalaka Samman | — | — | New Delhi (organizer unknown) | 受賞 |
| 2000 | Maithili Sharan Gupt Samman | — | — | Madhya Pradesh (organizer) | 受賞 |
| 2002 | Sir Syed National Award for Best Hindi Fiction Writer | — | 文学 | Sir Syed related organizations | 受賞 |
Sahitya Akademi Award
1975
対象作品:
Tamas
主催:
Sahitya Akademi
結果:
受賞
Padma Bhushan (for literature)
1998
部門:
文学
主催:
Government of India
結果:
受賞
Sahitya Akademi Fellowship
2002
主催:
Sahitya Akademi
結果:
受賞（フェロー選出）
Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
2001
部門:
演劇
主催:
Sangeet Natak Akademi
結果:
受賞
Soviet Land Nehru Award
1983
主催:
Soviet Land
結果:
受賞
Uttar Pradesh Government Award
1975
対象作品:
Tamas
主催:
Government of Uttar Pradesh
結果:
受賞
Shiromani Writers Award
1979
主催:
unknown
結果:
受賞
Lotus Award
1981
主催:
Afro-Asian Writers' Association
結果:
受賞
Madhya Pradesh Kala Sahitya Parishad Award
1975
対象作品:
Hanush
主催:
Madhya Pradesh Kala Sahitya Parishad
結果:
受賞
Colour of Nation Award at International Theatre Festival (Russia)
2004
対象作品:
Madhavi (performance by Rashi Bunny)
部門:
演劇
主催:
International Theatre Festival, Russia
結果:
受賞（演目受賞）
Shalaka Samman
1999
主催:
New Delhi (organizer unknown)
結果:
受賞
Maithili Sharan Gupt Samman
2000
主催:
Madhya Pradesh (organizer)
結果:
受賞
Sir Syed National Award for Best Hindi Fiction Writer
2002
部門:
文学
主催:
Sir Syed related organizations
結果:
受賞
受賞・候補エディション
作品
代表作
Tamas
1974年 novelA novel based on the 1947 partition riots witnessed by the author in Rawalpindi. It portrays senseless communal violence, hatred and the tragic aftermath—death, destruction, forced migration and the partition of a country.
Partitioncommunal violencedisplacement and losshuman dignity
映像化・舞台化
- [television film] Tamas (TV adaptation) / Govind Nihalani (1987)
翻訳
- English translation
- French translation
- German translation
- Japanese translation
- Tamil translation
- Gujarati translation
- Malayalam translation
- Kashmiri translation
- Marathi translation
- Manipuri translation
Jharokhe
1967年 novelOne of his novels portraying changes in society through detailed character sketches.
social changecharacter study
Mayyadas Ki Mari
1987年 historical novelA saga set against the decline of the Khalsa Raj and the advent of British rule, depicting shifting social orders and decadent value systems.
historychanges in social order
Kasba (screenplay)
1991年 screenplay (film)Screenplay based on Anton Chekhov's story 'In the Gully', written for Kumar Shahani's film Kasba.
Chekhovian character studydark aspects of small-town life
全著作
- Bhagya Rekha (1953)
- Pahla Patha (1956)
- Bhatakti Raakh (1966)
- Jharokhe (1967)
- Kadian (1971)
- Patrian (1973)
- Tamas (1974)
- Wang Chu (1978)
- Basanti (1979)
- Shobha Yatra (1981)
- Nishachar (1983)
- Pali (1989)
- Daayan (1996)
- Neeloo, Nilima, Nilofar (2000)
- Aaj Ke Ateet (autobiography)
- Balraj My Brother (biography of his brother, in English)
翻案
- Tamas (TV film, dir. Govind Nihalani, 1987)
- Kasba (screenplay for Kumar Shahani's film, 1991)
作家による翻訳
- Translations of Leo Tolstoy's short stories and the novel Resurrection into Hindi
作品の翻訳
- Tamas translated into English, French, German, Japanese and many Indian languages
作風・主題
- 文体
- concise yet deeply humane narrative voicerealism interwoven with wit and gentle ironystrong character-driven storytelling and psychological insight
- 頻出モチーフ
- partition and displacementlives of common peoplememory and historical traumachanges in social order
評価・遺産
Bhisham Sahni is regarded as one of the leading figures of 20th-century Hindi literature; his novel Tamas stands as a lasting account of the tragedy of Partition. Through his plays, translations and cultural activism he left a significant mark on Indian literature and theatre. India Post issued a commemorative stamp in his honor in 2017.
関連学会
- All India Progressive Writers Association
資料所蔵先
- Papers and manuscripts held in various literary archives and university libraries
大衆文化への影響
- The televised adaptation of Tamas sparked public debate and became a landmark work on Partition
- Appeared as an actor in international films (e.g. Little Buddha)
引用
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His voice was serene and pure, resonant with deep compassion for humanity.
出典: Krishan Baldev Vaid (criticism) (2003年)
豆知識
- Younger brother was the noted actor Balraj Sahni.
- Tamas won the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1975 and was adapted for television in 1987.
- While in the USSR he translated works of Tolstoy into Hindi.
- Died in Delhi in 2003 at age 87.
- India Post issued a commemorative stamp in 2017.