-
第7回（1987年） Winner
Camilo José Cela
カミロ・ホセ・セラ
Camilo Jose Cela
プロフィール
- 性別
- 男性
- 生誕
- 1916-05-11 （Iria Flavia (Padrón), A Coruña, Galicia, Spain）
- 死没
- 2002-01-17 （Madrid, Spain (Hospital Centro)） 85歳
- 国籍
- Spain
- 言語
- Spanish
- 居住地歴
- Iria Flavia (Padrón), Galicia → Vigo (1921–1925) → Madrid (1925–2002)
経歴
- 職業
- novelist, short story writer, essayist, poet
- 活動期間
- 1942年〜2002年
- 所属
- Royal Spanish Academy (Real Academia Española), Spanish nobility (Marquess of Iria Flavia)
- 所属団体
- Royal Spanish Academy (Seat Q)
- 影響を受けた人物
- José Ortega y Gasset, Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra
学歴
| 学校 | 学部 | 学科 | 学位 | 期間 | 国 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Piarist school (Madrid) | — | — | — | — | Spain |
Piarist school (Madrid)
国:
Spain
Early schooling at a Piarist institution. University studies were inconclusive; details uncertain.
受賞歴
| 年 | 賞名 | 対象作品 | 部門 | 主催 | 結果 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1989 | Nobel Prize in Literature | — | — | Swedish Academy / Nobel Foundation | 受賞 |
| 1987 | Prince of Asturias Award for Literature | — | — | Prince of Asturias Foundation | 受賞 |
| 1995 | Miguel de Cervantes Prize | — | — | Spanish Government | 受賞 |
| 1994 | Premio Planeta | — | — | Planeta Group | 受賞 |
| 1988 | Castelao Medal | — | — | Galician institutions | 受賞 |
| 1986 | Creu de Sant Jordi | — | — | Government of Catalonia | 受賞 |
| 1996 | Marquess of Iria Flavia (nobility title) | — | — | King Juan Carlos I | 封土授与（爵位） |
Nobel Prize in Literature
1989
主催:
Swedish Academy / Nobel Foundation
結果:
受賞
Prince of Asturias Award for Literature
1987
主催:
Prince of Asturias Foundation
結果:
受賞
Miguel de Cervantes Prize
1995
主催:
Spanish Government
結果:
受賞
Premio Planeta
1994
主催:
Planeta Group
結果:
受賞
Castelao Medal
1988
主催:
Galician institutions
結果:
受賞
Creu de Sant Jordi
1986
主催:
Government of Catalonia
結果:
受賞
Marquess of Iria Flavia (nobility title)
1996
主催:
King Juan Carlos I
結果:
封土授与（爵位）
受賞・候補エディション
作品
代表作
The Family of Pascual Duarte
1942年 Novel (early realism)A novel following Pascual Duarte's life of violence and despair; a seminal postwar Spanish work exploring morality, fate and social dysfunction.
violencefatalismmoral crisis
翻訳
- Pascual Duarte's Family (English translation)
The Hive (La colmena)
1951年 Ensemble novel, realismAn ensemble portrait of postwar Madrid made up of interlocking vignettes. Noted for its ironic, often grotesque realism.
urban lifealienationpostwar society
映像化・舞台化
- [Film] The Hive (film) / Mario Camus (1982)
翻訳
- The Hive (English translation)
San Camilo, 1936
1969年 Experimental novelAn experimental work depicting events around a 1936 Madrid feast, notable for formal innovation and narrative experimentation.
memoryensembleformal experimentation
Christ Versus Arizona
1988年 Experimental long novelAn ambitious formal experiment retelling the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral in a single sentence stretching over a hundred pages.
linguistic experimentreconstruction of history
翻訳
- Christ Versus Arizona (English translation)
Journey to the Alcarria
1948年 Travel writingA travelogue of the Alcarria region of central Spain, noted for its vivid depictions of landscape and people.
topographynostalgia
翻訳
- Journey to the Alcarria (English translation)
全著作
- The Family of Pascual Duarte
- Rest Home
- The Hive
- Journey to the Alcarria
- San Camilo, 1936
- Christ Versus Arizona
- Boxwood
翻案
- Film adaptation of La colmena (director: Mario Camus, 1982)
作品の翻訳
- The Family of Pascual Duarte → Pascual Duarte's Family (English translation)
- La colmena → The Hive (English translation)
- Viaje a la Alcarria → Journey to the Alcarria (English translation)
- Cristo versus Arizona → Christ Versus Arizona (English translation)
作風・主題
- 文体
- ironic, often grotesque realismlater period characterized by experimental long-sentence narration
- 頻出モチーフ
- violence and isolationurban ensembleexperimentation with language and form
健康
-
tuberculosis1931（若年期）During sanatorium treatment he began writing; the illness influenced his early work.
-
heart disease晩年（2002年に死亡原因）Late-life cardiac problems affected his activity; he died of heart disease in 2002.
評価・遺産
One of the leading postwar Spanish writers. Celebrated for works such as The Family of Pascual Duarte and The Hive and recipient of the Nobel Prize and Cervantes Prize; his career was also marked by controversial statements and accusations of collaboration with Franco's regime.
記念館・博物館
- Camilo José Cela Foundation Spain (see foundation for location details)
関連学会
- Royal Spanish Academy
資料所蔵先
- Camilo José Cela Foundation archives
大衆文化への影響
- His provocative remarks and scandals were widely reported and provoked cultural controversy.
引用
-
“for a rich and intensive prose, which with restrained compassion forms a challenging vision of man's vulnerability.”
出典: Nobel Committee (Nobel Prize in Literature citation, 1989) (1989年)
豆知識
- He began writing while convalescing from tuberculosis in his youth.
- He worked as a censor in Francoist Spain in 1943.
- In later life he was known for provocative statements and scandals.
- He was ennobled as Marquess of Iria Flavia in 1996.