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Chalmers A. Johnson

チャルマーズ・A・ジョンソン

Chalmers A. Johnson

プロフィール

性別
男性
生誕
1931-08-06 （Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.）
死没
2010-11-20 （Cardiff-by-the-Sea, California, U.S.） 79歳
国籍
United States
言語
English
居住地歴
Phoenix (birth) → Berkeley, California (academic career) → San Diego, California (later years)

経歴

職業
political scientist, East Asian studies scholar, university professor, author, public intellectual
活動期間
1953年〜2010年
所属
University of California, Berkeley, University of California, San Diego, Japan Policy Research Institute (co-founder), University of San Francisco (associated)
所属団体
Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
影響を与えた人物
Cynthia Enloe (doctoral student), Steven Clemons (co-founder, collaborator)

学歴

University of California, Berkeley
College of Letters and Science (Economics) / Economics
学位: BA
期間: 1949–1953
卒業年: 1953
国: United States
University of California, Berkeley
Graduate Division (Political Science) / Political Science
学位: MA
期間: 1954–1957
卒業年: 1957
国: United States
University of California, Berkeley
Graduate Division (Political Science) / Political Science
学位: PhD
期間: 1957–1961
卒業年: 1961
国: United States
Doctoral research focused on China/Japan studies

受賞歴

Before Columbus Foundation Prize
2001
対象作品: Blowback
主催: Before Columbus Foundation
結果: 受賞

受賞・候補エディション

作品

代表作

Peasant Nationalism and Communist Power

1962年 Academic (political science/China studies)

An academic study analyzing peasant movements in China and the rise of Communist power, examining the relationship between peasant nationalism and revolution.

peasant movementsmodern Chinese historyrevolution

MITI and the Japanese Miracle

1982年 Public policy / Political economy

Analyzes Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) and the mechanisms behind Japan's postwar economic growth, contributing to the concept of the developmental state.

developmental stateindustrial policyJapanese economy

Blowback: The Costs and Consequences of American Empire

2000年 Nonfiction / Political critique

Argues how U.S. foreign policies (secret operations, overseas bases) produce 'blowback' and analyzes the consequences of American imperial behavior.

American imperialismmilitary basesforeign-policy blowback

The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic

2004年 Nonfiction / Political critique

Criticizes the expansion of militarism and secrecy after 9/11 and discusses the dangers posed to American republicanism and democracy.

militarismsecrecydecline of democracy

Nemesis: The Last Days of the American Republic

2007年 Nonfiction / Political critique

Examines the long-term consequences of American imperial tendencies from historical, political, and economic perspectives; the concluding volume of his trilogy.

decline of empiresimperial overstretchcrisis of the republic

Dismantling the Empire: America's Last Best Hope

2010年 Nonfiction / Political critique

Presents policy and political recommendations for reducing American hegemony and preserving the republic and democracy.

dismantling empirepolicy proposalsprotecting democracy

全著作

  • Peasant Nationalism and Communist Power (1962)
  • MITI and the Japanese Miracle (1982)
  • Blowback: The Costs and Consequences of American Empire (2000)
  • The Sorrows of Empire (2004)
  • Nemesis: The Last Days of the American Republic (2007)
  • Dismantling the Empire (2010)

翻案

  • Featured in documentary film 'Why We Fight' (as expert)

作風・主題

文体
scholarly, evidence-based stylepolemic accessible to a public audiencecritical and argumentative tone
頻出モチーフ
critique of American imperialismissues of overseas bases and military powerdevelopmental state in Japanwarnings about democratic decline

健康

  • Rheumatoid arthritis
    晩年（長期）
    Long-term illness with complications from rheumatoid arthritis ultimately led to his death at home in 2010.

評価・遺産

Chalmers Johnson made significant contributions to Japan and China studies and political economy, notably helping to establish the concept of the developmental state and for his trenchant critique of U.S. foreign policy in the 'Blowback' trilogy. He influenced both academia and public debate.

関連学会

  • American Academy of Arts and Sciences

資料所蔵先

  • Archives at University of California, Berkeley (related holdings)

大衆文化への影響

  • Appeared as an expert in the documentary 'Why We Fight' (2005)
  • Frequent contributions to media outlets and debate programs

引用

  • A nation can be one or the other, a democracy or an imperialist, but it can't be both. If it sticks to imperialism, it will, like the old Roman Republic, lose its democracy to a domestic dictatorship.
    出典: Chalmers Johnson, Nemesis: The Last Days of the American Republic (2006年)

豆知識

  • Contributed to popularizing the term 'developmental state'.
  • Co-founded the Japan Policy Research Institute with Steven Clemons.
  • Served as a consultant to the CIA from 1967 to 1973.
  • Died in 2010 from complications of rheumatoid arthritis.