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Daniel Kahneman

ダニエル・カーネマン

Daniel Kahneman

Profile

Gender
Male
Born
1934-03-05 （Tel Aviv, British Mandate of Palestine）
Died
2024-03-27 （Nunningen, Switzerland） age 90
Nationality
Israel, United States
Languages
Hebrew, English
Religion
Judaism

Career

Occupations
psychologist, researcher, author, educator
Active Years
1954-2024
Affiliations
Hebrew University of Jerusalem, University of British Columbia, University of California, Berkeley, Princeton University, Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford (fellow)
Memberships
National Academy of Sciences (member), American Philosophical Society (member), British Academy (Corresponding Fellow), American Economic Association (Distinguished Fellow)
Influenced By
Amos Tversky, Yeshayahu Leibowitz
Influenced
Richard Thaler, Daniel Gilbert, Eldar Shafir

Education

Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Psychology
Degree: BSc
Period: 1950–1954
Year of Graduation: 1954
Country: Israel (then British Mandate of Palestine)
Major in psychology, minor in mathematics
University of California, Berkeley
Psychology
Degree: PhD
Period: 1958–1961
Year of Graduation: 1961
Country: United States
Dissertation: An analytical model of the semantic differential (1961)

Awards

Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
2002
Work: For integrating insights from psychological research into economic science, especially concerning human judgment and decision-making under uncertainty
Organization: Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Result: 受賞
APA Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions
1982
Work: Distinguished scientific contributions to psychology
Organization: American Psychological Association
Result: 受賞
Grawemeyer Award (Psychology)
2003
Work: Work on behavioral economics and judgment and decision making (shared with Amos Tversky)
Organization: University of Louisville
Result: 受賞
Award for Outstanding Lifetime Contributions to Psychology
2007
Work: Lifetime contributions to psychology
Organization: American Psychological Association
Result: 受賞
Presidential Medal of Freedom
2013
Work: For distinguished contributions to society
Organization: The White House (United States)
Result: 受賞

Awards & Nominations

Works

Major Works

Attention and Effort

1973 Non-fiction (psychology) 302 pages

A scholarly work discussing mechanisms of cognitive effort and attention, using experimental data and physiological measures (e.g. pupil dilation).

attentioncognitive loadmental effort

Thinking, Fast and Slow

2011 Popular science / Non-fiction (behavioral economics, cognitive psychology) 512 pages

Summarizes decades of research distinguishing two systems of thought—'fast' intuitive thinking and 'slow' deliberate thinking—and explains their effects on judgment and decision-making with experiments and examples.

cognitive biasesheuristicsdecision making
Translations
  • Thinking, Fast and Slow (Japanese translation title)

Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment

2021 Popular science / Non-fiction (judgment science) 432 pages

A co-authored examination of 'noise'—undesirable variability in human judgment—and proposals to reduce it and improve decision consistency.

variability in judgmentimproving decision makingorganizational intervention

Bibliography

  • Attention and Effort (1973)
  • Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases (ed., 1982)
  • Well-Being: The Foundations of Hedonic Psychology (ed., 1999)
  • Choices, Values and Frames (with Amos Tversky, 2000)
  • Thinking, Fast and Slow (2011)
  • Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment (with Olivier Sibony & Cass Sunstein, 2021)

Translations of Works

  • Thinking, Fast and Slow (Japanese edition)

Style & Themes

Literary Style
clear, systematic expositionintegration of experimental data and theoryability to write accessibly for general audiences
Recurring Motifs
limits of rationalityexperience vs. memoryheuristics and biases

Health

  • Concern about dementia (no public diagnosis disclosed)
    晩年
    Influenced end-of-life living and care decisions; media reported he traveled to Switzerland for assisted death citing fear of dementia.

Legacy

Kahneman integrated psychological insights into economics, helping establish behavioral economics. His work influenced many fields and his book 'Thinking, Fast and Slow' reached a broad public audience.

Academic Societies

  • National Academy of Sciences
  • American Philosophical Society
  • British Academy (Corresponding Fellow)

In Popular Culture

  • The friendship and research partnership with Amos Tversky are dramatized in Michael Lewis's The Undoing Project
  • 'Thinking, Fast and Slow' became a bestseller and is widely cited in popular media

Quotes

  • Nothing in life is as important as you think it is when you are thinking about it.
    Source: Thinking, Fast and Slow (introduction) (2011)

Trivia

  • Often called the 'grandfather of behavioral economics.'
  • Collaboration with Amos Tversky was central to his career.
  • His daughter Lenore assisted him with his Nobel lecture.