National Book Award
1回登壇
-
第4回（1939年） Winner
David Grandison Fairchild
デイビッド・グランディソン・フェアチャイルド
David Grandison Fairchild
プロフィール
- 性別
- 男性
- 生誕
- 1869-04-07 （Lansing, Michigan, U.S.）
- 死没
- 1954-08-06 （Coconut Grove, Miami, Florida, U.S.） 85歳
- 国籍
- United States
- 言語
- English
- 居住地歴
- Manhattan, Kansas, U.S. → Washington, D.C., U.S. → Coconut Grove, Miami, Florida, U.S.
経歴
- 職業
- Botanist, Plant explorer, Author
- 活動期間
- 1888年〜1954年
- 所属
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, University of Miami (Board of Regents), National Geographic Society (trustee)
- 所属団体
- National Geographic Society (trustee), Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (officer)
- 影響を受けた人物
- Barbour Lathrop (patron), Allison Armour (patron), Byron Halsted (uncle and mentor)
- 影響を与えた人物
- Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden (named after him), The Kampong (his home and introduction garden)
学歴
| 学校 | 学部 | 学科 | 学位 | 期間 | 国 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kansas State College of Agriculture (Kansas State University) | College of Agriculture | Department of Agriculture | B.A. | 1884-1888 | United States |
| Kansas State College of Agriculture (Kansas State University) | College of Agriculture | Department of Agriculture | M.S. | 1888-1889 | United States |
| Iowa State University | — | — | — | — | United States |
| Rutgers University | — | — | — | — | United States |
| Oberlin College (honorary) | — | — | D.Sc.（名誉） | 1915 | United States |
Kansas State College of Agriculture (Kansas State University)
College of Agriculture
/ Department of Agriculture
学位:
B.A.
期間:
1884-1888
卒業年:
1888
国:
United States
His father served as president of the institution.
Kansas State College of Agriculture (Kansas State University)
College of Agriculture
/ Department of Agriculture
学位:
M.S.
期間:
1888-1889
卒業年:
1889
国:
United States
Master's degree completed.
Iowa State University
国:
United States
Continued studies; degree information unclear.
Rutgers University
国:
United States
Studied under his uncle Byron Halsted.
Oberlin College (honorary)
学位:
D.Sc.（名誉）
期間:
1915
卒業年:
1915
国:
United States
Awarded an honorary D.Sc.
受賞歴
| 年 | 賞名 | 対象作品 | 部門 | 主催 | 結果 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1915 | Honorary D.Sc. | — | — | Oberlin College | 授与 |
| 1933 | Public Welfare Medal | — | — | National Academy of Sciences | 受賞 |
| 1938 | National Book Award (Bookseller Discovery) | The World Was My Garden | Bookseller Discovery | American Booksellers Association | 受賞 |
Honorary D.Sc.
1915
主催:
Oberlin College
結果:
授与
Public Welfare Medal
1933
主催:
National Academy of Sciences
結果:
受賞
National Book Award (Bookseller Discovery)
1938
対象作品:
The World Was My Garden
部門:
Bookseller Discovery
主催:
American Booksellers Association
結果:
受賞
受賞・候補エディション
作品
代表作
The World Was My Garden: Travels of a Plant Explorer
1938年 Non-fiction; Travel; BotanyA memoir of plant-collecting travels around the world and accounts of plants he introduced to the United States.
ExplorationPlant introductionInteractions of flora and culture
Garden Islands of the Great East: Collecting Seeds from the Philippines and Netherlands India in the Junk 'Chêng ho
1943年 Non-fiction; Botany; TravelAccounts of plant collecting in the Philippines and Netherlands India, including descriptions of local plants and cultures.
Tropical plantsCollecting expeditionsEthnobotany
The World Grows Round My Door: The Story of The Kampong, a Home on The Edge of the Tropics
1947年 Memoir; HorticultureThe story of his home 'The Kampong' in Florida and the collection of tropical plants he cultivated there.
GardeningTropical botanyPersonal history
Exploring for Plants
1930年 Non-fiction; Scientific popular writingA collection of reports and discussions on plant exploration and introduction.
Collection methodsApplications to agriculture
Book of Monsters
1914年 Photography; EntomologyAn early book on macro-photography of insects, co-authored with his wife.
PhotographyEntomology
全著作
- The World Was My Garden (1938)
- Exploring for Plants (1930)
- Garden Islands of the Great East (1943)
- The World Grows Round My Door (1947)
- Book of Monsters (1914, co-authored)
作風・主題
- 文体
- Plain, descriptive proseCombination of travelogue narration and scientific observation
- 頻出モチーフ
- Interactions between plants and human societiesCollecting and introductionTropical nature
評価・遺産
Fairchild introduced large numbers of useful plants to the United States, significantly influencing American agriculture and horticulture. His legacy persists in gardens, place names, and species named in his honor.
記念館・博物館
- Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Coral Gables, Florida, U.S. 1938年開館
- The Kampong (Fairchild's home and introduction garden) Coconut Grove, Miami, Florida, U.S. 1984年開館
関連学会
- National Geographic Society
資料所蔵先
- The Kampong archives (National Tropical Botanical Garden)
- Materials held by the National Tropical Botanical Garden
大衆文化への影響
- Rediscovered in recent biographies such as 'The Food Explorer' (2018)
引用
-
I am glad that I saw a few of the quiet places of the world before the coming of automobiles...
出典: The World Was My Garden (1938年)
豆知識
- Credited with introducing more than 200,000 exotic plants and varieties into the United States.
- Married Marian Hubbard Bell, daughter of Alexander Graham Bell.
- Author abbreviation in botanical citations: D.Fairchild.
- Namesake of botanical gardens and local institutions in Florida.