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Francis Ponge

フランシス・ポンジュ

Furanshisu Ponju

プロフィール

性別
男性
生誕
1899-03-27 （Montpellier, France）
死没
1988-08-06 （Le Bar-sur-Loup, France） 89歳
国籍
France
言語
French
宗教
Protestant
居住地歴
Montpellier (birthplace) → Paris (long-term residence) → Country house (Le Bar-sur-Loup, later years)

経歴

職業
Poet, Essayist, Editor, Lecturer
活動期間
1923年〜1988年
所属
Éditions Gallimard, Hachette, Alliance française (Paris)
影響を受けた人物
Jean Paulhan (mentor), Surrealist movement

学歴

Sorbonne (University of Paris)
国: France
Studied in Paris (exact years/degree unclear)
Paris Law Faculty (École de droit)
Faculty of Law / Law
国: France
Read law; exact degree or graduation year unclear

受賞歴

Neustadt International Prize for Literature
1974
主催: World Literature Today / Neustadt Prize
結果: 受賞
French National Poetry Prize (Académie française)
1981
主催: Académie française
結果: 受賞
Grand Prix of the Société des gens de lettres
1985
主催: Société des gens de lettres
結果: 受賞
Légion d'honneur (Commandeur)
1983
主催: French government
結果: 受章

受賞・候補エディション

作品

代表作

Le Parti pris des choses (The Voice/Partisan of Things)

1942年 Prose poetry / essayistic description

A collection of prose poems that meticulously describes everyday objects (oranges, potatoes, cigarettes, etc.) aiming to restore the power and purity of language.

Observation of everyday objectsRelation between language and thingsPurification of description
翻訳
  • English translation: The Voice of Things (one possible title)

Proêmes

1948年 Prose poetry

A series of short prose poems continuing his exploration of the possibilities of language and expression.

Language experimentsLimits of expression

Le Savon (Soap)

1967年 Long prose poem

A long prose poem that humorously and exhaustively explores the word and the thing; has been translated into English (e.g. Lane Dunlop).

Relation between word and referentHumor and analysis
翻訳
  • English translation: Soap (translated by Lane Dunlop, 1969)

Le Grand Recueil (The Grand Collection)

1961年 Essays / prose poems

A major work containing methodological reflections on the purity of language and the description of objects; advocates concentration on simple things.

MethodPurification of language

全著作

  • Le Parti pris des choses (1942)
  • Proêmes (1948)
  • La Rage de l'expression (1952)
  • Le Grand Recueil (1961–1962)
  • Pour un Malherbe (1965)
  • Le Savon (1967)
  • Interviews with Philippe Sollers (1970)
  • La Fabrique du Pré (1971)
  • Comment une figue de paroles et pourquoi (1977)
  • Pages d'atelier, 1917–1982 (Gallimard, 2005)

作品の翻訳

  • Le Savon → Soap (translated by Lane Dunlop, 1969)
  • Le Parti pris des choses → The Voice of Things (English translations exist)

作風・主題

文体
Meticulous, descriptive prose poetryObjective voice avoiding appeals to emotion or symbolism
頻出モチーフ
Everyday objects (stones, grass, soap, oranges, potatoes, etc.)Attention to words and the function of language

評価・遺産

Ponge is known for his distinctive prose poems that meticulously describe everyday objects and is regarded as an important 20th-century French poet. He received international recognition (e.g. Neustadt Prize) and consistently questioned the relation between language and things.

関連学会

  • Société des Lecteurs de Francis Ponge

資料所蔵先

  • Holdings at Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) and related archives
  • Library authority files and university archives (various national authority entries)

引用

  • "a description-definition-literary artwork" (avoiding the drabness of a dictionary and the inadequacy of poetry)
    出典: Le Grand Recueil (summary/critical statement) (1961年)

豆知識

  • Joined socialist activity in 1919.
  • Joined the Communist Party in 1937 and left it in 1947.
  • Participated in the French Resistance during WWII.
  • Received the Neustadt International Prize for Literature in 1974.
  • Made Commandeur of the Légion d'honneur in 1983.