Nobel Prize in Literature
1 appearances
-
Edition 4 (1904) Winner
Frédéric Mistral
フレデリック・ミストラル
Frederic Mistral
Aliases:
Joseph Étienne Frédéric Mistral / Frederi Mistral / Mistrau
Pen Names:
Frederi (Occitan form)（Native-language (Occitan/Provençal) form of his name）
Profile
- Gender
- Male
- Born
- 1830-09-08 （Maillane, France）
- Died
- 1914-03-25 （Maillane, France） age 83
- Nationality
- French
- Languages
- Occitan (Provençal), French
- Religion
- Roman Catholic
- Residence History
- Maillane (birthplace) → Aix-en-Provence (studies) → Avignon (activity and cultural ties) → Arles (cultural connections)
Career
- Occupations
- Poet, Lexicographer, Philologist
- Active Years
- 1850-1914
- Affiliations
- Félibrige (co-founder), Académie de Marseille (member)
- Influenced By
- Joseph Roumanille, Alphonse de Lamartine, Troubadours (medieval troubadours)
- Influenced
- Later poets and cultural figures of the Félibrige movement, Revival movements for the Provençal/Occitan language
Education
| Institution | Faculty | Department | Degree | Period | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aix-Marseille University | Faculty of Law | Department of Law | 学士 | 1848–1851 | France |
Aix-Marseille University
Faculty of Law
/ Department of Law
Degree:
学士
Period:
1848–1851
Year of Graduation:
1851
Country:
France
Studied law while developing a deep interest in Provençal culture
Awards
| Year | Award | Work | Category | Organization | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1904 | Nobel Prize in Literature | For his poetic production and Provençal philological work (e.g. Mirèio, Lou Tresor dóu Félibrige) | — | Nobel Foundation | 受賞 |
| — | Légion d'honneur | — | — | French government | 受章 |
Nobel Prize in Literature
1904
Work:
For his poetic production and Provençal philological work (e.g. Mirèio, Lou Tresor dóu Félibrige)
Organization:
Nobel Foundation
Result:
受賞
Légion d'honneur
Organization:
French government
Result:
受章
Awards & Nominations
Works
Major Works
Mirèio (Mireille)
1859 Epic poem (long poem)A twelve-part long poem in Provençal telling the thwarted love of Vincent and Mireille. The work integrates Provençal landscape, legends and folk culture and served as a manifesto for regional language and cultural revival.
RegionalismLanguage and cultural revivalLove and class differences
Adaptations
- [Opera] Mireille / シャルル・グノー（作曲：Charles Gounod） (1863)
Translations
- Mirèio (translated into French by Mistral himself; later translated into many European languages)
Lou Tresor dóu Félibrige (Provençal–French dictionary)
1878 Dictionary / Lexicographic workA comprehensive two-volume Occitan–French dictionary covering Provençal and other dialects of Occitan. It is noted for precise definitions and extensive dialectal material, remaining a major reference.
Vocabulary preservationDialectologyRecording cultural heritage
Translations
- The dictionary is Occitan–French; translations into other languages are limited or partial
Bibliography
- Mirèio (1859)
- Calendau (1867)
- Lis Isclo d’or (1875)
- Nerto (short story, 1884)
- La Rèino Jano (drama, 1890)
- Lou Pouèmo dóu Rose (1897)
- Moun espelido, Memòri e Raconte (Mes mémoires, 1906)
- Discours e dicho (1906)
- La Genèsi, traducho en prouvençau (1910)
- Lis óulivado (1912)
- Lou Tresor dóu Félibrige (1878–1886)
Adaptations
- Charles Gounod's opera Mireille (based on Mirèio)
Translations by Author
- Mistral's own French translation of Mirèio
Translations of Works
- Mirèio was translated into French and around fifteen other European languages
Style & Themes
- Literary Style
- Classical, epic poetic styleDeliberate use and standardization of regional (Provençal) languageVivid realist depictions of landscape
- Recurring Motifs
- Provençal nature and landscapeLocal legends and folkloreLanguage and ethnic identity
Legacy
Mistral was a central figure in the revival of Provençal (Occitan) language and culture. Through his poetry and lexicographic work he preserved and promoted regional heritage. His 1904 Nobel Prize brought international recognition; the Museon Arlaten, founded with part of his prize money, remains an important collection of Provençal folk culture.
Museums
- Museon Arlaten Arles, France Opened in 1899
Academic Societies
- Félibrige
- Académie de Marseille
Archives
- Collections in the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) and other archives
- Museon Arlaten (personal and folk collections)
Quotes
-
“In recognition of the fresh originality and true inspiration of his poetic production, which faithfully reflects the natural scenery and native spirit of his people, and, in addition, his significant work as a Provençal philologist.”
Source: Nobel Foundation (award citation) (1904)
Trivia
- Co-recipient of the 1904 Nobel Prize in Literature; he used half of his prize money to establish the Museon Arlaten in Arles.
- Married Marie-Louise Rivière in 1876; the couple had no children.
- Lou Tresor dóu Félibrige is regarded as one of the most important dictionaries of the Occitan/Provençal language.