National Prize for Literature (Chile)
1 appearances
-
Edition 41 (1992) Winner
Gonzalo Rojas Pizarro
ゴンサーロ・ロハス・ピサロ
Gonsāro Rojas Pizarro
Profile
- Gender
- Male
- Born
- 1916-12-20 （Lebu, Chile）
- Died
- 2011-04-25 （Chillán, Chile） age 94
- Nationality
- Chilean
- Languages
- Spanish
- Residence History
- Lebu (birth) → Santiago (editorial work) → Valparaíso (teaching) → Rostock (placement during exile, East Germany) → Chillán (final residence) → United States (visiting professor / faculty)
Career
- Occupations
- poet, university professor, editor
- Active Years
- 1938-2011
- Affiliations
- University of Valparaíso (formerly Instituto/University of Chile at Valparaíso), University of Concepción (professor), University of Rostock (placement), Columbia University (visiting professor), University of Chicago (visiting professor), Brigham Young University (professor)
- Influenced By
- Braulio Arenas (Mandrágora), Teófilo Cid (Mandrágora), Enrique Gómez Correa (Mandrágora)
- Influenced
- Nicanor Parra (contemporary Chilean poet; mutual influence), Subsequent generations of Latin American poets
Education
| Institution | Faculty | Department | Degree | Period | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Instituto Pedagógico de la Universidad de Chile | Studied law and literature | Law and Literature | 学位（1952年取得） | 1930s–1952 | Chile |
Instituto Pedagógico de la Universidad de Chile
Studied law and literature
/ Law and Literature
Degree:
学位（1952年取得）
Period:
1930s–1952
Year of Graduation:
1952
Country:
Chile
Studied law and literature; completed pedagogical studies and obtained degree in 1952.
Awards
| Year | Award | Work | Category | Organization | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | Cervantes Prize | — | — | Ministry of Culture (Spain) / Cervantes Prize committee | 受賞 |
| 1992 | Chilean National Prize for Literature | — | — | Government of Chile | 受賞 |
| 1992 | Queen Sofía Prize of Ibero-American Poetry | — | — | Spanish Royal Household / awarding committee | 受賞 |
| — | Octavio Paz Prize | — | — | Mexican cultural institution | 受賞 |
| — | José Hernández Prize | — | — | Argentine literary prize (details unknown) | 受賞 |
Cervantes Prize
2003
Organization:
Ministry of Culture (Spain) / Cervantes Prize committee
Result:
受賞
Chilean National Prize for Literature
1992
Organization:
Government of Chile
Result:
受賞
Queen Sofía Prize of Ibero-American Poetry
1992
Organization:
Spanish Royal Household / awarding committee
Result:
受賞
Octavio Paz Prize
Organization:
Mexican cultural institution
Result:
受賞
José Hernández Prize
Organization:
Argentine literary prize (details unknown)
Result:
受賞
Awards & Nominations
Miguel de Cervantes Prize
1 appearances
-
Edition 29 (2003) Winner
Works
Major Works
La miseria del hombre
1948 PoetryDebut poetry collection addressing human misery and fundamental existential themes.
existencemiseryhuman condition
Contra la muerte
1964 PoetryCollection exploring resistance to death and the forces of life in poetic form.
deathresistancelife
Oscuro
1977 PoetryPoems dealing with contrasts of darkness and light and inner struggles.
darknessinterioritycontrast
Transtierro
1979 PoetryReflects exile and displacement, themes of return and loss.
exiledisplacementloss
Del relámpago
1981 PoetryPoetic pieces centered on flashes and momentary experiences.
lightningmomentperception
Bibliography
- La miseria del hombre (1948)
- Contra la muerte (1964)
- Oscuro (1977)
- Transtierro (1979)
- Del relámpago (1981)
- 50 poemas (1982)
- El alumbrado (1986)
- Antología personal (1988)
- Materia de testamento (1988)
- Antología de aire (1991)
- Desocupado lector (1990)
- Las hermosas / Zumbido (1991)
- Río turbio (1996)
- América es la casa y otros poemas (1998)
- Obra selecta (1999)
Translations of Works
- English, German, French, Portuguese, Russian, Italian, Romanian, Swedish, Chinese, Japanese, Turkish, Bengali, Greek translations
Style & Themes
- Literary Style
- avant-garde / surrealist poetic techniquesstrong image chains and metaphorsfrequent use of short poems and fragments
- Recurring Motifs
- death and lifeflash/lightdarknessexile and displacementlanguage and existence
Health
-
stroke (2011)2011-02〜2011-04Suffered a stroke in February 2011, condition worsened and he died on April 25, 2011. Creative activity had declined after the stroke.
Legacy
Gonzalo Rojas is regarded as one of the important figures of late 20th-century Latin American poetry. Known for his intense imagery and experimental style, he received high acclaim in Chile and abroad. Major international awards, including the Cervantes Prize, cemented his international status.
Archives
- Manuscripts and materials are held in Chilean libraries and archives (details unspecified)
In Popular Culture
- The Chilean government declared official mourning and referred to him as a national poet
Trivia
- Died on April 25, 2011, following complications from a stroke; the government declared two days of official mourning.
- Participated in the Mandrágora movement and belonged to the avant-garde current of Chilean poetry.
- His works have been translated into many languages, including English, German, French, and Japanese.