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第41回（1992年） Winner
Gonzalo Rojas Pizarro
ゴンサーロ・ロハス・ピサロ
Gonsāro Rojas Pizarro
プロフィール
- 性別
- 男性
- 生誕
- 1916-12-20 （Lebu, Chile）
- 死没
- 2011-04-25 （Chillán, Chile） 94歳
- 国籍
- Chilean
- 言語
- Spanish
- 居住地歴
- Lebu (birth) → Santiago (editorial work) → Valparaíso (teaching) → Rostock (placement during exile, East Germany) → Chillán (final residence) → United States (visiting professor / faculty)
経歴
- 職業
- poet, university professor, editor
- 活動期間
- 1938年〜2011年
- 所属
- University of Valparaíso (formerly Instituto/University of Chile at Valparaíso), University of Concepción (professor), University of Rostock (placement), Columbia University (visiting professor), University of Chicago (visiting professor), Brigham Young University (professor)
- 影響を受けた人物
- Braulio Arenas (Mandrágora), Teófilo Cid (Mandrágora), Enrique Gómez Correa (Mandrágora)
- 影響を与えた人物
- Nicanor Parra (contemporary Chilean poet; mutual influence), Subsequent generations of Latin American poets
学歴
| 学校 | 学部 | 学科 | 学位 | 期間 | 国 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Instituto Pedagógico de la Universidad de Chile | Studied law and literature | Law and Literature | 学位（1952年取得） | 1930s–1952 | Chile |
Instituto Pedagógico de la Universidad de Chile
Studied law and literature
/ Law and Literature
学位:
学位（1952年取得）
期間:
1930s–1952
卒業年:
1952
国:
Chile
Studied law and literature; completed pedagogical studies and obtained degree in 1952.
受賞歴
| 年 | 賞名 | 対象作品 | 部門 | 主催 | 結果 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | Cervantes Prize | — | — | Ministry of Culture (Spain) / Cervantes Prize committee | 受賞 |
| 1992 | Chilean National Prize for Literature | — | — | Government of Chile | 受賞 |
| 1992 | Queen Sofía Prize of Ibero-American Poetry | — | — | Spanish Royal Household / awarding committee | 受賞 |
| — | Octavio Paz Prize | — | — | Mexican cultural institution | 受賞 |
| — | José Hernández Prize | — | — | Argentine literary prize (details unknown) | 受賞 |
Cervantes Prize
2003
主催:
Ministry of Culture (Spain) / Cervantes Prize committee
結果:
受賞
Chilean National Prize for Literature
1992
主催:
Government of Chile
結果:
受賞
Queen Sofía Prize of Ibero-American Poetry
1992
主催:
Spanish Royal Household / awarding committee
結果:
受賞
Octavio Paz Prize
主催:
Mexican cultural institution
結果:
受賞
José Hernández Prize
主催:
Argentine literary prize (details unknown)
結果:
受賞
受賞・候補エディション
-
第29回（2003年） Winner
作品
代表作
La miseria del hombre
1948年 PoetryDebut poetry collection addressing human misery and fundamental existential themes.
existencemiseryhuman condition
Contra la muerte
1964年 PoetryCollection exploring resistance to death and the forces of life in poetic form.
deathresistancelife
Oscuro
1977年 PoetryPoems dealing with contrasts of darkness and light and inner struggles.
darknessinterioritycontrast
Transtierro
1979年 PoetryReflects exile and displacement, themes of return and loss.
exiledisplacementloss
Del relámpago
1981年 PoetryPoetic pieces centered on flashes and momentary experiences.
lightningmomentperception
全著作
- La miseria del hombre (1948)
- Contra la muerte (1964)
- Oscuro (1977)
- Transtierro (1979)
- Del relámpago (1981)
- 50 poemas (1982)
- El alumbrado (1986)
- Antología personal (1988)
- Materia de testamento (1988)
- Antología de aire (1991)
- Desocupado lector (1990)
- Las hermosas / Zumbido (1991)
- Río turbio (1996)
- América es la casa y otros poemas (1998)
- Obra selecta (1999)
作品の翻訳
- English, German, French, Portuguese, Russian, Italian, Romanian, Swedish, Chinese, Japanese, Turkish, Bengali, Greek translations
作風・主題
- 文体
- avant-garde / surrealist poetic techniquesstrong image chains and metaphorsfrequent use of short poems and fragments
- 頻出モチーフ
- death and lifeflash/lightdarknessexile and displacementlanguage and existence
健康
-
stroke (2011)2011-02〜2011-04Suffered a stroke in February 2011, condition worsened and he died on April 25, 2011. Creative activity had declined after the stroke.
評価・遺産
Gonzalo Rojas is regarded as one of the important figures of late 20th-century Latin American poetry. Known for his intense imagery and experimental style, he received high acclaim in Chile and abroad. Major international awards, including the Cervantes Prize, cemented his international status.
資料所蔵先
- Manuscripts and materials are held in Chilean libraries and archives (details unspecified)
大衆文化への影響
- The Chilean government declared official mourning and referred to him as a national poet
豆知識
- Died on April 25, 2011, following complications from a stroke; the government declared two days of official mourning.
- Participated in the Mandrágora movement and belonged to the avant-garde current of Chilean poetry.
- His works have been translated into many languages, including English, German, French, and Japanese.