Georg Büchner Prize
1回登壇
-
第27回（1951年） Winner
Gottfried Benn
ゴットフリート・ベン
Gottfried Benn
プロフィール
- 性別
- 男性
- 生誕
- 1886-05-02 （Mansfeld (near Putlitz), German Empire）
- 死没
- 1956-07-07 （West Berlin, West Germany） 70歳
- 国籍
- German
- 言語
- German
- 宗教
- Lutheran (Protestant)
- 居住地歴
- Mansfeld (birthplace) → Berlin (main place of activity) → West Berlin (place of death)
経歴
- 職業
- Physician, Pathologist, Poet, Essayist
- 活動期間
- 1912年〜1956年
- ノミネート
- Nobel Prize in Literature (nominated 5 times)
学歴
| 学校 | 学部 | 学科 | 学位 | 期間 | 国 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Marburg | Faculty of Theology | Theology | — | 1900s | Germany |
| Kaiser Wilhelm Academy | Military medicine / Medical faculty | Medicine | MD | 1900s–1912 | Germany |
| Friedrich Wilhelm University of Berlin | — | — | — | 1900s | Germany |
University of Marburg
Faculty of Theology
/ Theology
期間:
1900s
国:
Germany
Entered to study theology to please his father; later moved toward medical studies
Kaiser Wilhelm Academy
Military medicine / Medical faculty
/ Medicine
学位:
MD
期間:
1900s–1912
卒業年:
1912
国:
Germany
Trained as a military physician; later moved into pathology
Friedrich Wilhelm University of Berlin
期間:
1900s
国:
Germany
Attended in connection with medical / military medical education
受賞歴
| 年 | 賞名 | 対象作品 | 部門 | 主催 | 結果 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1951 | Georg Büchner Prize | — | — | Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung | winner |
Georg Büchner Prize
1951
主催:
Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung
結果:
winner
受賞・候補エディション
作品
代表作
Morgue and Other Poems
1912年 PoetryA collection using medical and pathological imagery— corpses, decay and the body—representative of early German Expressionism and Benn's shockingly direct voice.
deathphysical decaypathological imagerynihilismExpressionism
翻訳
- Multiple English translations exist
Statische Gedichte
1948年 PoetryA postwar collection showing a calmer, more composed aesthetic—often seen as representative of Benn's later 'static' poetic phase.
stasismeditation on existencememory
翻訳
- Translated into English and other languages
Doppelleben (Double Life)
1950年 Autobiography / MemoirAn autobiographical work recounting his medical experiences, literary career, and reflections on the interwar and postwar periods.
autobiographymemoryprofessional experience
翻訳
- English translation exists (Double Life)
全著作
- Morgue and Other Poems (1912)
- Fleisch (1917)
- The Collected Writings (1922)
- Schutt (1924)
- Betäubung (1925)
- Spaltung (1925)
- Nach dem Nihilismus (1932)
- Der Neue Staat und die Intellektuellen (1933)
- Kunst und Macht (1935)
- Selected Poems (1936)
- Statische Gedichte (1948)
- Ptolemäer (1949)
- Doppelleben (Double Life) (1950)
- The Voice Behind the Screen (essays / recollections)
翻案
- Film 'My Heart Is Mine Alone' (Mein Herz - Niemandem) (1997, dir. Helma Sanders-Brahms) — a film about the relationship with Else Lasker-Schüler
作品の翻訳
- Selected Poems (English translations, e.g. Oxford University Press editions)
- Ptolemäer (English translation, Plutarch Press)
作風・主題
- 文体
- Expressionist intensityclinical and pathological imagerylater 'static' composed style
- 頻出モチーフ
- body / cadaverdecay and bloodhospital and dissection scenesnihilism
健康
-
cancer1950年代（晩年）Affected his late-life productivity and health; he died of cancer in 1956
評価・遺産
Gottfried Benn is regarded as a major 20th-century German poet—an early Expressionist voice and a representative of the later 'static' poetry. His temporary sympathy for National Socialism complicates his reception, but awards like the Georg Büchner Prize and postwar recognition led to reevaluation.
記念館・博物館
- Gottfried Benn Library (Berlin) Berlin, Germany
関連学会
- Gottfried Benn Society (Gottfried-Benn-Gesellschaft)
資料所蔵先
- Holdings in the German National Library and other archives
大衆文化への影響
- Portrayed in films such as 'My Heart Is Mine Alone' (1997), which explore his relationship with contemporaries
引用
-
“The solitary molar of a hooker, who had died a missing person, held a gold filling. As if by silent agreement, the rest had fallen out. The mortician knocked out the filling, pawned it and went dancing. Because, he said, only earth should return to earth.”
出典: From 'Morgue and Other Poems' (excerpt) (1912年)
豆知識
- Between 1912 and 1913 he dissected over 200 corpses in Berlin; this experience influenced his early poetry.
- He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature five times.
- Awarded the Georg Büchner Prize in 1951.
- Had a romantic relationship with poet Else Lasker-Schüler.