Nobel Prize in Literature
1 appearances
José Echegaray y Eizaguirre
ホセ・エチェガライ・イ・エイザギレ
Jose Echegaray y Eizaguirre
Profile
- Gender
- Male
- Born
- 1832-04-19 （Madrid, Spain）
- Died
- 1916-09-14 （Madrid, Spain） age 84
- Nationality
- Spanish
- Languages
- Spanish
- Religion
- Roman Catholic
- Residence History
- Madrid → Murcia → Almería → Granada
Career
- Occupations
- Dramatist, Civil engineer, Mathematician, Statesman
- Active Years
- 1854-1916
- Affiliations
- Real Academia Española (Royal Spanish Academy), Society of Political Economy, Radical Democratic Party (founding member)
- Memberships
- Real Academia Española (Royal Spanish Academy)
- Influenced By
- Goethe, Balzac, Dramatists of the Spanish Golden Age
- Influenced
- Later Spanish dramatists of the modern era
- Nominations
- Nominated in 1904 by a member of the Royal Spanish Academy
Education
| Institution | Faculty | Department | Degree | Period | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos (Madrid) | Faculty of Civil Engineering | Department of Civil Engineering | Civil Engineering degree | 1846-1852 | Spain |
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos (Madrid)
Faculty of Civil Engineering
/ Department of Civil Engineering
Degree:
Civil Engineering degree
Period:
1846-1852
Year of Graduation:
1852
Country:
Spain
Reportedly graduated first in his class
Awards
| Year | Award | Work | Category | Organization | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1904 | Nobel Prize in Literature | for his numerous and brilliant compositions which revived the great traditions of the Spanish drama | — | Swedish Academy | 受賞 |
| 1971 | Commemorative banknote issuance (honor) | honorific depiction on 1000-peseta banknote | — | Bank of Spain | 顕彰 |
Nobel Prize in Literature
1904
Work:
for his numerous and brilliant compositions which revived the great traditions of the Spanish drama
Organization:
Swedish Academy
Result:
受賞
Commemorative banknote issuance (honor)
1971
Work:
honorific depiction on 1000-peseta banknote
Organization:
Bank of Spain
Result:
顕彰
Awards & Nominations
Works
Major Works
El gran Galeoto
1881 Drama (Melodrama)A drama about the poisonous effect of unfounded gossip on a middle-aged man's happiness. Focuses on dilemmas of duty and morality, with elaborate stage directions typical of 19th-century melodrama.
Duty and moralityGossip and reputationSocial pressure
Adaptations
- [Film (silent)] The World and His Wife
- [Film] The Great Galeoto
Translations
- El gran Galeoto (English translation)
La hija natural
1865 DramaOne of his early plays, dealing with family and issues of birth and origin.
FamilyStatus and origin
Mariana
1891 DramaA play that treats conflicts of honor and personal duty.
HonorMoral choice
El estigma
1895 DramaA drama about social stigma and individual suffering.
Social stigmaPersonal suffering
El loco Dios
1900 DramaOne of his later notable plays, containing religious and moral themes.
ReligionMorality
Bibliography
- La hija natural (1865)
- El gran Galeoto (1881)
- Mariana (1891)
- El estigma (1895)
- El loco Dios (1900)
Adaptations
- The World and His Wife (silent film, based on El gran Galeoto)
- The Great Galeoto (film adaptation)
Translations of Works
- English translations (various)
- Translations into other languages (French, Italian, etc.)
Style & Themes
- Literary Style
- 19th-century melodramatic style with elaborate stage directionsFocus on moral dilemmas and a sense of duty
- Recurring Motifs
- Conflict between duty and moralityThe destructive power of gossip and reputationIndividual versus society
Legacy
José Echegaray is known for reviving Spanish dramatic traditions and was the first Spaniard awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1904. Combining careers as a civil servant, scientist, and playwright, he is commemorated in Spain by street names and a commemorative banknote.
Academic Societies
- Real Academia Española
- Society of Political Economy
Archives
- Archives of the Real Academia Española
- Holdings at the National Library of Spain (Biblioteca Nacional de España)
In Popular Culture
- His name appears in street names such as Calle Echegaray in Madrid
- Film adaptations based on El gran Galeoto
- Depicted on a 1971 1000-peseta banknote
Quotes
-
I cannot die, because if I am going to write my mathematical physics encyclopedia, I need at least 25 more years.
Source: Reported remark in late life (1915)
Trivia
- Awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1904, the first Spaniard to receive it.
- Featured on a 1971 1000-peseta banknote issued by the Bank of Spain.
- Several streets in Spain, notably Calle Echegaray in Madrid's Barrio de las Letras, are named after him.