Rabindra Puraskar
1回登壇
-
第9回（1955年） Winner
Rajshekhar Basu
ラジシェカール・バス
Rajshekhar Basu
別名:
Parashuram / Parasuram / Rajsekhar Bose
ペンネーム:
Parashuram（Pen name used for publishing humorous and satirical short stories）
プロフィール
- 性別
- 男性
- 生誕
- 1880-03-16 （Bamunpara (near Kandorsona), Bengal Presidency, British India (now Purba Bardhaman district, West Bengal, India)）
- 死没
- 1960-04-27 （Calcutta (now Kolkata), West Bengal, India） 80歳
- 国籍
- Indian
- 言語
- Bengali, Hindi, English
- 居住地歴
- Bamunpara (childhood) → Darbhanga (childhood) → Patna (education) → Calcutta/Kolkata (career and death)
経歴
- 職業
- Chemist, Author, Lexicographer, Humorist
- 活動期間
- 1903年〜1960年
- 所属
- Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals, Bangiya Sahitya Parishad, National Council of Education
- 所属団体
- National Council of Education, Bangiya Sahitya Parishad
- 影響を受けた人物
- Rabindranath Tagore
- 影響を与えた人物
- Satyajit Ray (film adaptations of his stories), Sandip Ray (used his stories in films)
学歴
| 学校 | 学部 | 学科 | 学位 | 期間 | 国 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Presidency College, Calcutta | Faculty of Science (Chemistry) | Department of Chemistry | BA/MA (化学) | — | British India (now India) |
| Law studies (associated with Calcutta University) | Faculty of Law | Department of Law | LL.B（受講） | — | British India (now India) |
Presidency College, Calcutta
Faculty of Science (Chemistry)
/ Department of Chemistry
学位:
BA/MA (化学)
国:
British India (now India)
Completed BA and MA; also studied law but did not pursue a legal career
Law studies (associated with Calcutta University)
Faculty of Law
/ Department of Law
学位:
LL.B（受講）
国:
British India (now India)
Studied law and obtained degree but attended court for only a short time before leaving the legal profession
受賞歴
| 年 | 賞名 | 対象作品 | 部門 | 主催 | 結果 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1955 | Rabindra Puraskar | Krishnakali Ityadi Galpo | — | Government of West Bengal (Rabindra Puraskar committee) | 受賞 |
| 1956 | Padma Bhushan | — | — | Government of India | 受賞 |
| 1958 | Sahitya Akademi Award | Anandibai Ityadi Galpa | — | Sahitya Akademi | 受賞 |
| 1940 | Jagattarini medal | — | — | University of Calcutta | 受賞 |
| 1945 | Sarojini medal | — | — | University of Calcutta | 受賞 |
| 1957 | D.Litt. (honorary) | — | — | University of Calcutta | 授与 |
| 1958 | D.Litt. (honorary) | — | — | Jadavpur University | 授与 |
Rabindra Puraskar
1955
対象作品:
Krishnakali Ityadi Galpo
主催:
Government of West Bengal (Rabindra Puraskar committee)
結果:
受賞
Padma Bhushan
1956
主催:
Government of India
結果:
受賞
Sahitya Akademi Award
1958
対象作品:
Anandibai Ityadi Galpa
主催:
Sahitya Akademi
結果:
受賞
Jagattarini medal
1940
主催:
University of Calcutta
結果:
受賞
Sarojini medal
1945
主催:
University of Calcutta
結果:
受賞
D.Litt. (honorary)
1957
主催:
University of Calcutta
結果:
授与
D.Litt. (honorary)
1958
主催:
Jadavpur University
結果:
授与
受賞・候補エディション
-
第4回（1958年） Winner
作品
代表作
Chalantika
1937年 Dictionary / LinguisticsA monolingual Bengali dictionary including a concise grammar appendix and proposals for rationalising Bengali orthography.
LanguageOrthographyLexicography
Gaddalika
1924年 Short stories (humor / satire)An early collection of short stories published under the pen name Parashuram, containing humorous and satirical pieces.
SatireEveryday lifeHuman relationships
Anandibai Ityadi Galpa
1957年 Short stories (satire)A collection of fifteen satirical stories on love, family and politics; won the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1958.
LoveFamilyPolitical satire
Krishnakali Ityadi Galpo
1953年 Short storiesA short story collection which won the Rabindra Puraskar in 1955.
SocietyCustomsHuman emotion
Parash Pathar / Mahapurush (film adaptations)
Film adaptations (based on short stories)Film adaptations by Satyajit Ray based on his short stories, including Parash Pathar and Mahapurush.
FilmAdaptation of short fiction
映像化・舞台化
- [Film] Parash Pathar / Satyajit Ray (1958)
- [Film] Mahapurush / Satyajit Ray (1965)
全著作
- Sri Sri Siddheswari Limited
- Gaddalika
- Kajjali
- Hanumaner Svapna Ityadi Galpa
- Galpakalpa
- Dhusturi Maya Ityadi Galpa
- Krishnakali Ityadi Galpo
- Nil Tara Ityadi Galpo
- Anandibai Ityadi Galpa
- Chamatkumari Ityadi Galpo
- Asmani choti
- Jaliyat
- Bangla bhasay bigyan
- Chalantika (dictionary)
翻案
- Parash Pathar (dir. Satyajit Ray)
- Mahapurush (dir. Satyajit Ray)
- Chaar (one story used in screenplay, dir. Sandip Ray)
作家による翻訳
- Kalidas's Meghdut (translation)
- Valmiki Ramayan (translation)
- Mahabharat (translation)
- Hitopadesha stories (translation)
- Shrimad Bhagavat Gita (translation)
作品の翻訳
- Some works have been translated into English and other languages (details variable)
作風・主題
- 文体
- Concise, witty proseSatirical narrationStrong interest in vocabulary and orthography
- 頻出モチーフ
- Absurdities of everyday lifeSatire of bureaucracy and social customsNuances of family and romance
健康
-
Stroke1959–1960Suffered a stroke in 1959 but continued writing; suffered a second stroke in 1960 and died.
評価・遺産
Rajshekhar Basu (Parashuram) is regarded as one of the foremost Bengali humorists of the 20th century; he contributed to lexicography and orthography reform and left a lasting cultural impact through adaptations of his short stories.
関連学会
- Bangiya Sahitya Parishad
- Academic bodies associated with University of Calcutta
資料所蔵先
- Parabaas (online resource)
- Archived works and materials in university libraries and special collections
大衆文化への影響
- Film adaptations by Satyajit Ray (Parash Pathar, Mahapurush)
- Adaptations and references to his short stories in contemporary theatre and film
引用
-
“At long last, we have a dictionary for Bengali. The concise grammar in the appendix is also wonderful.”
出典: Rabindranath Tagore's comment on Chalantika (around 1937) (1937年)
豆知識
- His pen name Parashuram was reportedly borrowed from the surname of a local goldsmith, Tarachand Parashuram.
- As a youth he set up a home laboratory and conducted chemical experiments.
- There are accounts that he covertly assisted Indian independence revolutionaries with money and chemicals.
- His younger brother Girindrasekhar Bose was an early Freudian psychoanalyst in the non-Western world.