Bancroft Prize
2回登壇
-
第29回（1976年） Winner
-
第29回（1976年 第2回開催） Winner
Richard Warrington Baldwin Lewis
リチャード・ウォリントン・ボールドウィン・ルイス
Richard Warrington Baldwin Lewis
別名:
R. W. B. Lewis / RWB Lewis
プロフィール
- 性別
- 男性
- 生誕
- 1917-11-01 （Chicago, Illinois, USA）
- 死没
- 2002-06-13 （Bethany, Connecticut, USA） 84歳
- 国籍
- United States
- 言語
- English
- 宗教
- Episcopal
- 居住地歴
- Chicago, Illinois, USA → Bethany, Connecticut, USA (residence while at Yale) → New Haven, Connecticut, USA (Yale affiliation) → Florence, Italy (frequent visits)
経歴
- 職業
- literary scholar, critic, university professor, biographer
- 活動期間
- 1948年〜2002年
- 所属
- Bennington College (faculty), Salzburg Seminar (dean of studies), Smith College (visiting lecturer), Princeton University (resident fellow), Rutgers–Newark (professor of English), Yale University (Neil Gray Professor of English and American Studies; master of Calhoun College), American Academy of Arts & Sciences (member)
- 所属団体
- American Academy of Arts & Sciences
- 影響を受けた人物
- Norman Maclean, John William Ward, Robert Penn Warren (friend and colleague)
- 影響を与えた人物
- American Studies (helped shape the academic field), Numerous scholars of literary history and biography
学歴
| 学校 | 学部 | 学科 | 学位 | 期間 | 国 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phillips Exeter Academy | — | — | — | 準備教育（就学年不詳） | United States |
| Harvard University | — | English | B.A. | 1935–1939 | United States |
| University of Chicago | — | English | M.A., Ph.D. | 1940–1954（MA 1941、Ph.D. 1954） | United States |
Phillips Exeter Academy
期間:
準備教育（就学年不詳）
国:
United States
Preparatory education
Harvard University
English
学位:
B.A.
期間:
1935–1939
卒業年:
1939
国:
United States
Received B.A.
University of Chicago
English
学位:
M.A., Ph.D.
期間:
1940–1954（MA 1941、Ph.D. 1954）
卒業年:
1954
国:
United States
Graduate studies; studied under Norman Maclean
受賞歴
| 年 | 賞名 | 対象作品 | 部門 | 主催 | 結果 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1976 | Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography | Edith Wharton: A Biography | — | Columbia University (Pulitzer Prize) | 受賞 |
| 1976 | National Book Critics Circle Award (nonfiction; among first recipients) | Edith Wharton: A Biography | ノンフィクション | National Book Critics Circle | 受賞 |
| 1976 | Bancroft Prize | Edith Wharton: A Biography | — | Columbia University (Bancroft Prize) | 受賞 |
| 1988 | Honorary Litt.D. | — | — | Bates College | 授与 |
| 2000 | American Academy of Arts & Sciences Gold Medal for Biography | — | — | American Academy of Arts & Sciences | 受賞 |
Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography
1976
対象作品:
Edith Wharton: A Biography
主催:
Columbia University (Pulitzer Prize)
結果:
受賞
National Book Critics Circle Award (nonfiction; among first recipients)
1976
対象作品:
Edith Wharton: A Biography
部門:
ノンフィクション
主催:
National Book Critics Circle
結果:
受賞
Bancroft Prize
1976
対象作品:
Edith Wharton: A Biography
主催:
Columbia University (Bancroft Prize)
結果:
受賞
Honorary Litt.D.
1988
主催:
Bates College
結果:
授与
American Academy of Arts & Sciences Gold Medal for Biography
2000
主催:
American Academy of Arts & Sciences
結果:
受賞
受賞・候補エディション
作品
代表作
The American Adam: Innocence, Tragedy, and Tradition in the Nineteenth Century
1955年 literary criticism / cultural historyExplores the 'American Adam' theme of innocence and new beginnings in 19th-century American literature, tracing the motif through Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, Henry James, and others.
American identityinnocence vs. experience19th-century literature
Edith Wharton: A Biography
1975年 BiographyA comprehensive biography of Edith Wharton, integrating her personal life and literary achievements to present a rounded portrait of the author.
biographyAmerican upper-class societygender and literature
The Jameses: A Family Narrative
1991年 family history / biographyA study of the James family that examines the intersection of literary tradition and personal narrative.
family historyliterature and tradition
The City of Florence: Historical Vistas and Personal Sightings
1995年 travel / historyAn essayistic work that blends Lewis's affection for Florence with historical insights, combining personal observations with the city's cultural history.
Italyurban historycultural observation
Dante
2001年 literary criticismA critical overview of Dante's life and works, discussing his literary and cultural significance.
Dantemedieval literaturereligion and literature
全著作
- The American Adam: Innocence, Tragedy, and Tradition in the Nineteenth Century (1955)
- The Picaresque Saint. Representative Figures in Contemporary Fiction (1959)
- Herman Melville (1962)
- Trials of the Word: Essays in American Literature and the Humanistic Tradition (1965)
- The Poetry of Hart Crane: A Critical Study (1967)
- American Literature: The Makers and the Making: Book C / 1861 to 1914 (1974, with Cleanth Brooks and Robert Penn Warren)
- Edith Wharton: A Biography (1975)
- The Jameses: A Family Narrative (1991)
- Literary Reflections: A Shoring of Images 1960-1993 (1993)
- The City of Florence: Historical Vistas and Personal Sightings (1995)
- American Characters: Selections from the National Portrait Gallery, Accompanied by Literary Portraits (1999, with Nancy Lewis)
- Dante (2001)
作風・主題
- 文体
- clear, scholarly proseblend of biographical narrative and critical analysisrich historical contextualization
- 頻出モチーフ
- exploration of American identitytension between tradition and innovationinterest in Italy and Dante
評価・遺産
A major influence in American literary studies and biography. He contributed to conceptualizing American culture (notably in The American Adam) and gained broad recognition for his biography of Edith Wharton. He was also highly regarded as a teacher at Yale.
関連学会
- American Academy of Arts & Sciences
資料所蔵先
- Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library (materials related to R. W. B. Lewis)
- Bates College (records related to honorary degree and honors)
引用
-
"a beautifully wrought, rounded portrait of the whole woman, including the part of her that remained in shade during her life" and that the "expansive, elegant biography ... can stand as literature, if nothing else."
出典: The New York Times (review) (1976年)
豆知識
- Served in the U.S. Air Force during WWII and received the Legion of Merit in 1944.
- While at Yale he lived in Bethany and worked in an octagonal writing studio on his property.
- Continued to write on a typewriter into his later years.
- Father of historian David Gress (by Elsa Gress) and co-author with his wife Nancy Lewis on some projects.