Anisfield-Wolf Book Award
1 appearances
-
Edition 4 (1939) Winner
Ralph J. Bunche
ラルフ・ジェイ・バンチ
Ralph J. Bunche
Profile
- Gender
- Male
- Born
- 1904-08-07 （Detroit, Michigan, U.S.）
- Died
- 1971-12-09 （New York City, U.S.） age 67
- Nationality
- United States
- Languages
- English
- Religion
- Baptist (Protestant)
- Residence History
- Albuquerque, New Mexico → Los Angeles, California → Washington, D.C. (period of work) → Kew Gardens, Queens, New York
Career
- Occupations
- political scientist, diplomat, international civil servant, university professor, researcher
- Active Years
- 1928-1971
- Affiliations
- United Nations (UN), Howard University, Department of Political Science, Harvard University Board of Overseers
- Memberships
- American Philosophical Society, American Political Science Association, Pi Sigma Alpha
- Influenced By
- Gunnar Myrdal, Raymond Leslie Buell
- Influenced
- Generations of UN mediators and peacekeepers (e.g., Brian Urquhart), Anti-colonial leaders and scholars
Education
| Institution | Faculty | Department | Degree | Period | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) | College of Letters and Science (Political Science) | Department of Political Science | BA | 1923–1927 | United States |
| Howard University | Graduate school (Political Science) | Department of Political Science | MA | 1927–1928 | United States |
| Harvard University | Graduate school (Political Science) | Department of Political Science | PhD | 1928–1934 | United States |
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
College of Letters and Science (Political Science)
/ Department of Political Science
Degree:
BA
Period:
1923–1927
Year of Graduation:
1927
Country:
United States
Graduated summa cum laude; Phi Beta Kappa; valedictorian
Howard University
Graduate school (Political Science)
/ Department of Political Science
Degree:
MA
Period:
1927–1928
Year of Graduation:
1928
Country:
United States
Completed while teaching
Harvard University
Graduate school (Political Science)
/ Department of Political Science
Degree:
PhD
Period:
1928–1934
Year of Graduation:
1934
Country:
United States
Dissertation on French administration in Togoland and Dahomey; first African American to earn a PhD in political science in the U.S.
Awards
| Year | Award | Work | Category | Organization | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1949 | Spingarn Medal | — | — | NAACP | 受賞 |
| 1950 | Nobel Peace Prize | Mediation of the 1949 Armistice Agreements (Arab–Israeli conflict) | — | Norwegian Nobel Committee | 受賞 |
| 1951 | Silver Buffalo Award | Services to scouting and positive world impact | — | Boy Scouts of America | 受賞 |
| 1963 | Presidential Medal of Freedom (with Distinction) | — | — | U.S. Government | 受賞 |
| 2004 | William J. Donovan Award (posthumous) | — | — | OSS Society | 追贈 |
Spingarn Medal
1949
Organization:
NAACP
Result:
受賞
Nobel Peace Prize
1950
Work:
Mediation of the 1949 Armistice Agreements (Arab–Israeli conflict)
Organization:
Norwegian Nobel Committee
Result:
受賞
Silver Buffalo Award
1951
Work:
Services to scouting and positive world impact
Organization:
Boy Scouts of America
Result:
受賞
Presidential Medal of Freedom (with Distinction)
1963
Organization:
U.S. Government
Result:
受賞
William J. Donovan Award (posthumous)
2004
Organization:
OSS Society
Result:
追贈
Awards & Nominations
Works
Major Works
A World View of Race
1936 Non-fiction; political sociologyAn essay arguing that race is a social construct and analyzing its political and economic effects; a critique of colonialism and structural racism.
racecritique of colonialisminternational relations
Ralph J. Bunche: Selected Speeches and Writings
1995 Collected speeches and writingsA collection of Bunche's major speeches and essays on diplomacy, human rights, and decolonization.
peacebuildinginternational lawhuman rights
Bibliography
- A World View of Race (1936)
- The Political Status of the Negro in the Age of FDR (ed., 1973)
- Ralph J. Bunche: Selected Speeches and Writings (ed., 1995)
- An African American in South Africa: The Travel Notes of Ralph J. Bunche (ed., 1992)
Adaptations
- Ralph Bunche: An American Odyssey (2001)
- Ralph Bunche: The Odyssey Continues... (2003)
Style & Themes
- Literary Style
- academicanalyticalpersuasive
- Recurring Motifs
- race and equalitycritique of colonialismpeace and mediation
Health
-
heart disease; kidney disease; diabetes晩年（1970–1971）Health declined in his final years; he resigned from the UN in 1971 and died the same year from complications.
Legacy
Ralph J. Bunche left a major legacy in the founding and administration of the UN, decolonization, and international mediation. His 1950 Nobel Peace Prize brought global recognition; many institutes, buildings, parks and scholarships bear his name.
Museums
- Dr. Ralph J. Bunche Peace and Heritage Center Los Angeles (Bunche's boyhood home)
- Ralph Bunche Institute for International Studies City University of New York (CUNY) Opened in 1973
Academic Societies
- American Philosophical Society
- American Political Science Association
- Pi Sigma Alpha
Archives
- UCLA Library Special Collections (Ralph J. Bunche Papers)
- Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture
- U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (OSS records)
In Popular Culture
- Documentaries such as 'Ralph Bunche: An American Odyssey'
- Commemorative postage stamp; many schools, streets and parks named after him
Quotes
-
'He believed in the essential goodness of all people, and that no problem in human relations is insoluble.'
Source: UN document 'Ralph Bunche: Visionary for Peace' -
'Some Reflections on Peace in Our Time' (Nobel lecture title)
Source: Nobel Lecture (1950) (1950)
Trivia
- First African American to be awarded a Nobel Prize.
- Purchased a house in Kew Gardens (Queens) with Nobel Prize money.
- Participated in the 1963 March on Washington, marching alongside Martin Luther King Jr.
- In 1959 he was denied membership at a tennis club because of race; after national attention he refused a later apology/invitation.