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Rifat Chadirji

リファート・ジャダルジ

Rifat Chadirji

プロフィール

性別
男性
生誕
1926-12-06 （Baghdad, Mandatory Iraq）
死没
2020-04-10 （London, England） 93歳
国籍
Iraq
言語
Arabic, Turkish, English
宗教
Atheism
居住地歴
Baghdad, Iraq → Harvard, United States - academic appointment → London, United Kingdom

経歴

職業
Architect, Photographer, Author
活動期間
1952年〜2020年
所属
Baghdad Modern Art Group (associated)
影響を受けた人物
Jawad Saleem, Mohammed Ghani Hikmat, Shakir Hassan Al Said
影響を与えた人物
Contemporary Iraqi architects

受賞歴

Bronze Medal, Barcelona Furniture Design
1964
主催: Barcelona Furniture Design
結果: 受賞
Chairman's Award of the Aga Khan Award for Architecture
1986
主催: Aga Khan Award for Architecture
結果: 受賞
Sheikh Zayed Book Award
2008
主催: Sheikh Zayed Book Award
結果: 受賞
Honorary PhD from Coventry University
2015
主催: Coventry University
結果: 授与
Tamayouz Lifetime Achievement Award
2015
部門: Lifetime Achievement
主催: Tamayouz Excellence Award
結果: 受賞

受賞・候補エディション

作品

代表作

Central Post Office

1975年 Architecture

A public post office building in Baghdad incorporating courtyards, natural ventilation and light-reflecting features for climatic control.

International regionalismReinterpretation of regional traditionsClimatic-responsive design

Hamood Villa

1972年 Residential architecture

A private villa design where traditional elements are abstracted and integrated into a modern residence.

Fusion of tradition and modernityReinterpretation of private space

National Insurance Company (Mosul)

Commercial / Public architecture

A commercial/public building in Mosul. Detailed documentation is limited.

Respect for regional characterExpression of publicness

Offices and Tobacco Warehouses

1965年 Industrial / Commercial architecture

Medium-scale facilities incorporating traditional climatic strategies such as ventilation and screen walls in a contemporary idiom.

Integration of function and traditionClimate responsiveness

The Monument to the Unknown Soldier

1959年 Monument

A modernist monument in al-Fardous Square, Baghdad, referencing the Sassanid parabolic arch and symbolically evoking a mother bending to pick up her martyred child. Later removed.

Historical referenceSymbolic expressionPublic space

Rafiq Residence

1965年 Residential architecture

A middle-class residence employing traditional climatic solutions such as courtyards and natural ventilation.

Regional climatic adaptationModernization of housing

全著作

  • al-Ukhaidir and the Crystal Palace (1991)
  • A Dialogue on the Structure of Art and Architecture (1995)
  • Concepts & Influences: Towards a Regionalized International Architecture (1987)
  • Internationalised Tradition in Architecture (1988)
  • The Photographs of Kamil Chadirji (1995)
  • Introduction to Urban Design and Architecture in Lebanon (2004)
  • Medina Interviews Architect (1999)
  • Concepts and Influences: Towards a Regional International Architecture, 1952–1978 (1986)

作風・主題

文体
International regionalism (integration of internationalism and regional traditions)Modernist abstractionReinterpretation of historical motifs
頻出モチーフ
ArchesCourtyards (patios)Screen wallsMonolithic piers

健康

  • COVID-19
    2020年
    Died in London in 2020 from COVID-19.

評価・遺産

Often referred to as the father of modern Iraqi architecture, he is celebrated for reinterpreting ancient Iraqi architectural elements in modern designs. In 2017 the Rifat Chadirji Prize was established to recognize local architects involved in rebuilding Iraq.

資料所蔵先

  • Kamil and Rifat Chadirji Photographic Archive (Aga Khan Documentation Center, MIT Library)

大衆文化への影響

  • Chadirji's Monument to the Unknown Soldier was removed and replaced by a statue of Saddam Hussein, whose toppling in 2003 was widely publicized.

引用

  • “From the very outset of my practice, I thought it imperative that, sooner or later, Iraq create for itself an architecture regional in character yet simultaneously modern, part of the current international avant-garde style.”
    出典: Interview (quoted) (2009年)

豆知識

  • In 1978 he was sentenced to life imprisonment on unfounded charges and served about 20 months in Abu Ghraib before being released.
  • While imprisoned he wrote 'Al Ukhaidir and the Crystal Palace' using materials smuggled in by his wife.
  • His father Kamil Chadirji was a politician and photographer; together they documented much of Baghdad and the region.
  • He stated his atheism publicly and asked that prayers not be offered for him and that his body be cremated.
  • The Rifat Chadirji Prize was established in 2017 to honor local architects involved in rebuilding liberated areas of Iraq.