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第41回（1999年） Winner
Robert Creeley
ロバート・クリーリー
Robāto Kurīrī
プロフィール
- 性別
- 男性
- 生誕
- 1926-05-21 （Arlington, Massachusetts, USA）
- 死没
- 2005-03-30 （Odessa, Texas, USA） 78歳
- 国籍
- United States
- 言語
- English
- 居住地歴
- Arlington (birth) → Acton, Massachusetts (grew up) → Mallorca, Spain → Waldoboro, Maine → Buffalo, New York → Providence, Rhode Island → Marfa, Texas (in residence with Lannan Foundation)
経歴
- 職業
- poet, author, educator, professor
- 活動期間
- 1949年〜2005年
- 所属
- State University of New York at Buffalo (University at Buffalo), Brown University, Lannan Foundation
- 影響を受けた人物
- Charles Olson, Robert Duncan, Allen Ginsberg, John Wieners, Ed Dorn
学歴
| 学校 | 学部 | 学科 | 学位 | 期間 | 国 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Holderness School | — | — | — | 通学（予備校） | United States |
| Harvard University | — | — | — | 1943–1944, 1946（中断と復学） | United States |
| Black Mountain College | — | — | BA | 1951–1955（在学・教員としても勤務） | United States |
| University of New Mexico | — | — | MA | 1958–1960（在学） | United States |
Holderness School
期間:
通学（予備校）
国:
United States
Attended as a preparatory student
Harvard University
期間:
1943–1944, 1946（中断と復学）
国:
United States
Attended but did not complete a degree
Black Mountain College
学位:
BA
期間:
1951–1955（在学・教員としても勤務）
卒業年:
1955
国:
United States
Earned BA in 1955; also taught some courses
University of New Mexico
学位:
MA
期間:
1958–1960（在学）
卒業年:
1960
国:
United States
Received MA in 1960
受賞歴
| 年 | 賞名 | 対象作品 | 部門 | 主催 | 結果 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | Bollingen Prize | — | — | Bollingen Committee / Yale University | 受賞 |
| 1987 | Robert Frost Medal | — | — | Poetry Society (award administration) | 受賞 |
| — | Lannan Foundation Lifetime Achievement Award | — | — | Lannan Foundation | 受賞 |
| 1989 | New York State Poet Laureate | — | — | State of New York | 任命（1989–1991） |
| 2003 | Elected Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences | — | — | American Academy of Arts and Sciences | 選出 |
Bollingen Prize
1999
主催:
Bollingen Committee / Yale University
結果:
受賞
Robert Frost Medal
1987
主催:
Poetry Society (award administration)
結果:
受賞
Lannan Foundation Lifetime Achievement Award
主催:
Lannan Foundation
結果:
受賞
New York State Poet Laureate
1989
主催:
State of New York
結果:
任命（1989–1991）
Elected Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
2003
主催:
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
結果:
選出
受賞・候補エディション
American Book Awards
2回登壇
-
第21回（2000年） Winner
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第21回（2000年） Lifetime Achievement Award
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第120回（2001年） Winner
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第139回（2001年 第2回開催） Winner
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第142回（2001年 第5回開催） Lifetime Achievement Award
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第221回（2001年 第7回開催） Winner
作品
代表作
For Love
1962年 PoetryA landmark poetry collection from the 1950s and early 1960s that brought Creeley wider recognition; notable for spare lines and a personal rhythmic voice.
lovepersonal rhythmfragments of everyday life
The Gold Diggers
1954年 Short stories / ProseA collection of short fiction written largely during his Mallorca years, showing his prose alongside poetic sensibilities.
travelhuman relationshipsmemory
The Island
1963年 NovelA novel influenced by his experiences in Mallorca; contains fictionalized portraits of acquaintances.
communityinterplay of art and life
The Collected Poems of Robert Creeley, 1945–1975
1982年 Collected poetryA comprehensive volume collecting Creeley's major poems from 1945 to 1975, documenting the evolution of his style.
extension of form from contentthe personal voice
On Earth: Last Poems and an Essay
2006年 PoetryPosthumous collection of late poems and an essay, published after Creeley's death.
life and deathreminiscence
全著作
- Le Fou (1952)
- The Gold Diggers (1954)
- For Love: Poems 1950–1960 (1962)
- The Island (1963)
- The Collected Poems of Robert Creeley, 1945–1975 (1982)
- On Earth: Last Poems and an Essay (2006)
翻案
- Creeley (documentary, 1988)
- Poetry in Motion (film, 1982)
- For Will (short film, 2016)
- Black Mountain Blues (work-in-progress / 2017)
作品の翻訳
- En la tierra: últimos poemas y un ensayo (Spanish translation, 2008)
作風・主題
- 文体
- spare, restrained linesvariable word-count prosody (isoverbal)fragmentary, conversational tone
- 頻出モチーフ
- personal rhythmfragments of everyday lifelove and lossmemory and recollection
健康
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Loss of left eye (childhood)幼児期（2歳頃）Physical visual impairment from childhood. Biographically notable; direct influence on work is not explicitly documented.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / emphysema (late life)晩年Contributed to declining health in later years and affected activity levels.
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Pneumonia (cause of death)2005年（死没時）Died of complications from pneumonia on March 30, 2005.
評価・遺産
Robert Creeley, associated with the Black Mountain poets, significantly influenced late 20th-century American poetry with his spare lines and personal rhythm. He was also an influential teacher and mentor, widely respected in academia and among poets.
記念館・博物館
- Robert Creeley Foundation
関連学会
- American Academy of Arts and Sciences (elected Fellow)
資料所蔵先
- Robert Creeley Papers, Department of Special Collections and University Archives, Stanford University
- Robert Creeley Papers at Washington University in St. Louis
- Records held by Simon Fraser University Special Collections and Rare Books
- Finding aid for Robert Creeley Papers at University of Connecticut Archives and Special Collections
大衆文化への影響
- Collaborations with jazz musicians (e.g., Steve Swallow set poems to music)
- Subject of documentaries and short films (e.g., Creeley, For Will)
引用
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In a quiet moment I hear Bob pause where I never would have expected it. Such resolve. Such heart. And an ear to reckon with. No truly further American poem without his.
出典: Clark Coolidge (as quoted in Robert Creeley article)
豆知識
- Lost his left eye at about age two.
- Co-founded Divers Press in Mallorca in the early 1950s and published works by several contemporary poets.
- Taught for many years at the University at Buffalo and helped found the Poetics Program there in 1991.
- Spent his final residency with the Lannan Foundation in Marfa, Texas.