世界・海外・国外の文学賞

← ホームに戻る

Robert W. Fogel

ロバート・W・フォーゲル

Robāto W. Fōgeru

プロフィール

性別
男性
生誕
1926-07-01 （New York City, U.S.）
死没
2013-06-11 （Oak Lawn, Illinois, U.S.） 86歳
国籍
United States
言語
English
宗教
Judaism (family background)
居住地歴
New York City (birth — youth) → Rochester (faculty / visiting periods) → Chicago (University of Chicago) → Cambridge, Massachusetts (NBER affiliation) → Oak Lawn, Illinois (place of death)

経歴

職業
economic historian, economist, professor, population economics researcher
活動期間
1948年〜2013年
所属
Johns Hopkins University, University of Rochester, University of Chicago (Booth School of Business), Harvard University, National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Center for Population Economics, University of Chicago
所属団体
American Academy of Arts and Sciences, National Academy of Sciences, American Philosophical Society
影響を受けた人物
Simon Kuznets, Evsey Domar, Abba Lerner, Fritz Machlup
影響を与えた人物
Deirdre McCloskey (colleague and mentee), Many U.S. economic historians (academic lineage)

学歴

Cornell University
History (minor in Economics)
学位: BA
期間: 在学期間不明
卒業年: 1948
国: United States
Majored in history; involved in political organizations during college
Columbia University
Economics
学位: MA
期間: 在学期間不明
卒業年: 1960
国: United States
Studied under George Stigler and others
Johns Hopkins University
Economics
学位: PhD
期間: 在学期間不明
卒業年: 1963
国: United States
PhD research and dissertation

受賞歴

Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
1993
対象作品: For renewing research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods
主催: Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (Nobel Committee)
結果: 受賞
Bancroft Prize
1975
対象作品: For scholarly work (specific work not specified here)
主催: Columbia University Libraries (awarding)
結果: 受賞

受賞・候補エディション

作品

代表作

Railroads and American Economic Growth

1964年 Economic history / Scholarly

A quantitative assessment of railroads' contribution to 19th-century U.S. economic growth, challenging views that railroads were indispensable.

cliometricstransportation and economic developmentquantitative analysis

Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery

1974年 Economic history / Controversial study

Co-authored with Stanley Engerman. Used plantation records to quantitatively analyze the economics of slavery, arguing it was profitable for owners, which sparked major controversy.

economic analysis of slaveryquantitative historyplantation economics

Without Consent or Contract: The Rise and Fall of American Slavery

1989年 Economic history / Social history

A two-volume response to criticisms of Time on the Cross, detailing humanitarian and social aspects of slavery and examining the historical path to abolition.

lives of the enslavedabolition movementmoral evaluation

The Fourth Great Awakening and the Future of Egalitarianism

2000年 Social history / Religious history

Argues that religion, especially evangelicalism, has driven America's ethical and egalitarian shifts and presents a cyclical 'Great Awakenings' framework.

religion and social changeevangelicalismmoral history

The Escape from Hunger and Premature Death, 1700–2100

2004年 Population economics / History of public health 189ページ

Analyzes the role of nutrition and health improvements in long-term mortality decline and economic growth, discussing technophysio evolution.

nutrition and healthdemographytechnophysio evolution

The Changing Body: Health, Nutrition, and Human Development in the Western World since 1700

2011年 Scholarly / Population economic history

Uses physiological indicators such as height to quantify health improvements over centuries and links them to socioeconomic change; coauthored work.

physiological indicatorslong-term health trendshistory of nutrition

全著作

  • The Union Pacific Railroad: A Case in Premature Enterprise (1960)
  • Railroads and American Economic Growth (1964)
  • Time on the Cross (1974, co-authored)
  • Which Road to the Past? (1983)
  • Without Consent or Contract (1989)
  • Economic Growth, Population Theory and Physiology (1994)
  • The Fourth Great Awakening (2000)
  • The Escape from Hunger and Premature Death (2004)
  • The Changing Body (2011, co-authored)
  • Explaining Long-Term Trends in Health and Longevity (2012)
  • Political Arithmetic (2013, co-authored)

作風・主題

文体
Quantitative, econometric scholarly styleInterdisciplinary approach combining economics, history, demography and nutrition
頻出モチーフ
cliometrics (quantitative history)history of nutrition and healthinteraction of demography and economic growthtechnophysio evolution

評価・遺産

Fogel introduced quantitative methods into historical research and renewed the practice of economic history. His work on slavery, population, and nutrition provoked wide debate and influence in academia; he received the Nobel Prize in 1993.

関連学会

  • American Academy of Arts and Sciences
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • American Philosophical Society

資料所蔵先

  • University of Chicago archives (possible repository of Fogel materials)

引用

  • “For having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change.”
    出典: Nobel Prize citation (1993) (1993年)

豆知識

  • Graduated from Stuyvesant High School in 1944.
  • Married Enid Cassandra Morgan (an African-American) in 1949, at a time when interracial marriage faced legal and social difficulties.
  • Was involved with communist organizations in his youth but later rejected communism.
  • Mentored many prominent economic historians and left a large academic lineage in U.S. economic history.