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Tribhuvandas Purushottamdas Luhar (Sundaram)

トリブフヴァンダス・プルショッタムダス・ルハール（スンダラム）

Tribhuvandas Purushottamdas Luhar (Sundaram)

Aliases: Tribhuvandas Luhar / Sundaram
Pen Names: Marichi（Pen name used in his early poetry）, Ekansh De（Used for early poems）, Vishwakarma（A pen name used for some early works）, Sundaram（Lifetime pen name adopted from 1928）, Trishul（Used for publishing short stories）

Profile

Gender
Male
Born
1908-03-22 （Miyan Matar, Bharuch, Bombay Presidency, British India）
Died
1991-01-13 age 82
Nationality
Indian
Languages
Gujarati, Hindi, English
Residence History
Bharuch (place of birth) → Ahmedabad (education and activities) → Pondicherry (after association with Sri Aurobindo)

Career

Occupations
poet, short story writer, literary critic, translator, editor, teacher
Active Years
1926-1991
Affiliations
Jyotisangh (women's organisation, Ahmedabad), Sri Aurobindo Ashram (editorial work), Gujarati Sahitya Parishad
Influenced By
Sri Aurobindo, Gandhian philosophy

Education

Gujarat Vidyapith
Languages
Degree: 卒業
Period: 1920年代 - 1929年
Year of Graduation: 1929
Country: India
Graduated in languages from an Ahmedabad institution

Awards

Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak
1934
Work: Kavyamangala
Organization: Ranjitram award committee
Result: 受賞
Narmad Suvarna Chandrak
1955
Work: Yatra
Organization: Narmad award committee
Result: 受賞
Mahida Prize
1946
Work: Criticism (including Avalokana)
Organization: Mahida Prize committee
Result: 受賞
Sahitya Akademi Award
1968
Work: Avalokana
Organization: Sahitya Akademi
Result: 受賞
Padma Bhushan
1985
Organization: Government of India
Result: 受章

Awards & Nominations

Works

Major Works

Arvachin Kavita

1946 literary criticism

A critical study of Gujarati poetry from 1845 to 1945, examining the development of modern poetry in a systematic way.

development of modern poetryshifts in style and thought

Avalokana

1968 literary criticism

A collection of literary criticism on poetry and literature; received the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1968, discussing literary theory and interpretation.

poeticsliterary theory

Kavyamangala

1933 poetry

One of his early poetry collections; won the Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak in 1934.

social themesindividuality and spirituality

Yatra

1951 poetry

A poetry collection influenced by the philosophy of Sri Aurobindo; awarded the Narmad Suvarna Chandrak in 1955.

spiritualityself-realization

Hirakani ane Bijee Vatu

1938 short stories

A short story collection published under the pen name Trishul, containing stories on social themes.

social issueseveryday life of common people

Bibliography

  • Koya Bhagatni Kadvi Vaani ane Garibo na Geeto (1933)
  • Kavyamangala (1933)
  • Vasudha (1939)
  • Rang Rang Vadaliya (1939) (children's poetry)
  • Yatra (1951)
  • Hirakani ane Bijee Vatu (1938)
  • Piyasi (1940)
  • Arvachin Kavita (1946)
  • Avalokana
  • Sahitya Chintan (1978)
  • Vasanti Poornima (1977) (one-act plays)
  • Dakshinayan (1942) (travelogue)
  • Chidambara (memoir)
  • Samarchana (anthology of articles)

Translations by Author

  • Bhagvajjukiyam (translated from Sanskrit)
  • Mṛcchakatika (translated into Gujarati) (1944)
  • Kaya Palat (translation) (1961)
  • Janata ane Jan (translation) (1965)
  • Aisi hai Zindagi (translation)

Translations of Works

  • Thirsty Fish and Other Stories (English translation of selected stories, 2013)

Style & Themes

Literary Style
symbolic and lyrical poetic styleprose with philosophical and spiritual elementsanalytical and systematic in criticism
Recurring Motifs
spirituality and self-realizationfocus on the marginalizedjourney and inner exploration

Legacy

Sundaram (Tribhuvandas Luhar) was an important Gujarati poet, critic and translator who contributed to systematizing modern Gujarati poetry. He received several prestigious awards and had a significant regional cultural impact.

Museums

  • Kavishri Sundaram Chowk Ahmedabad, Gujarat

Academic Societies

  • Gujarati Sahitya Parishad

Archives

  • Holdings at Gujarati Sahitya Parishad

In Popular Culture

  • Place names and local commemorations in Gujarat (e.g., Kavishri Sundaram Chowk)

Trivia

  • Used multiple pen names (Marichi, Ekansh De, Vishwakarma, Sundaram, Trishul).
  • Participated in the Indian independence movement and was imprisoned for a time.
  • Influenced by Sri Aurobindo and moved to Pondicherry.
  • Won the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1968 for Avalokana.
  • Worked across poetry, short stories, criticism and translation from the 1930s onward.
  • Edited the magazines Dakshina and Baldakshina for the Sri Aurobindo Ashram.