Bialik Prize
3回登壇
-
第15回（1947年） Winner
-
第22回（1954年） Winner
-
第45回（1977年） Winner
Uri Zvi Greenberg
ウリ・ツヴィ・グリンベルグ
Uri Zvi Greenberg
別名:
Uri Zvi Grinberg / Uri Tsevi Grinberg / אורי צבי גרינברג
ペンネーム:
Tur-Malka（Added to the family name; used as an honorific/commemorative addition）
プロフィール
- 性別
- 男性
- 生誕
- 1896-09-22 （Bilyi Kamin, Galicia, Austria-Hungary (now Ukraine)）
- 死没
- 1981-05-08 （Ramat Gan, Israel） 84歳
- 国籍
- Austria-Hungary (born), Israel (nationality)
- 言語
- Hebrew, Yiddish, Polish (used)
- 宗教
- Judaism (Hasidic background)
- 居住地歴
- Lemberg (Lviv) → Warsaw, Poland → Berlin, Germany → Mandatory Palestine → Israel (immigration and residence) → Ramat Gan (final residence)
経歴
- 職業
- Poet, Journalist, Politician, Editor
- 活動期間
- 1912年〜1981年
- 所属
- Di Chaliastre (group of young Yiddish writers), Editor of the journal Albatros, Brit HaBirionim (Revisionist faction), Herut, Movement for Greater Israel, Member of the first Knesset (1949–1951)
- 所属団体
- Knesset (Member, 1st Knesset)
- 影響を受けた人物
- Biblical and Talmudic Jewish texts, Shmuel Yankev Imber, Peretz Hirschbein, European modernist literature (Expressionism etc.)
- 影響を与えた人物
- Later Hebrew poets (in the lineage of expressionist modernism)
学歴
| 学校 | 学部 | 学科 | 学位 | 期間 | 国 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Jewish religious education (Hasidic upbringing) | — | Religious studies / Torah education | — | 幼少期〜青年期 | Austria-Hungary (then) |
Traditional Jewish religious education (Hasidic upbringing)
Religious studies / Torah education
期間:
幼少期〜青年期
国:
Austria-Hungary (then)
Received traditional Jewish education; no clear record of modern academic degrees.
受賞歴
| 年 | 賞名 | 対象作品 | 部門 | 主催 | 結果 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1947 | Bialik Prize | — | 文学 | Tel Aviv Municipality (Bialik Prize) | 受賞 |
| 1954 | Bialik Prize | — | 文学 | Tel Aviv Municipality (Bialik Prize) | 受賞 |
| 1977 | Bialik Prize | — | 文学 | Tel Aviv Municipality (Bialik Prize) | 受賞 |
| 1957 | Israel Prize | — | ヘブライ文学への貢献 | State of Israel (Israel Prize) | 受賞 |
Bialik Prize
1947
部門:
文学
主催:
Tel Aviv Municipality (Bialik Prize)
結果:
受賞
Bialik Prize
1954
部門:
文学
主催:
Tel Aviv Municipality (Bialik Prize)
結果:
受賞
Bialik Prize
1977
部門:
文学
主催:
Tel Aviv Municipality (Bialik Prize)
結果:
受賞
Israel Prize
1957
部門:
ヘブライ文学への貢献
主催:
State of Israel (Israel Prize)
結果:
受賞
受賞・候補エディション
作品
代表作
Evening Gold
1918年 Poetry (Yiddish)A collection from Greenberg's early neo-Romantic period, mixing wartime experience and religious imagery.
painfaithwar experience
Mefisto
1920年 Long poem (Yiddish)A long poem engaging with the 'Faustian' world, influenced by depictions such as those by Oswald Spengler.
civilizational critiquedeal with evilself and destiny
In the Kingdom of the Cross
1920年 Long poem (Yiddish)A long poem drawing on Greenberg's experiences from the 1918 pogroms, engaging intimately with Christian theology.
persecutioninter-religious dialogueapocalyptic vision
A Great Terror and Moon
1925年 Poetry (Hebrew)One of his major Hebrew works, where biblical imagery collides with modern anguish.
prophetic tonebiblical quotationsmodernist anguish
From the Ruddy and the Blue
1950年 Poetry (Hebrew)A postwar collection addressing loss and memory.
mourningmemorynational loss
全著作
- Evening Gold (Yiddish)
- Mefisto (Yiddish)
- In the Kingdom of the Cross (Yiddish)
- A Great Terror and Moon (Hebrew, 1925)
- The Rising Masculinity (Hebrew, 1926)
- A Vision of One of the Legions (Hebrew, 1928)
- House Dog (Hebrew, 1929)
- The Book of Indictment and Faith (Hebrew, 1937)
- From the Ruddy and the Blue (Hebrew, 1950)
- Streets of the River (Hebrew, 1951)
- Selected Poems (Schocken, 1979)
- Complete Works of Uri Zvi Greenberg (Bialik Institute, 1991)
作品の翻訳
- Selected Poems (Schocken Books, 1979) - contains English translations
作風・主題
- 文体
- Expressionist modernismProphetic and epic dictionFusion of scriptural citations with modern idiom
- 頻出モチーフ
- pain and anguishprophetic visionsbiblical and Talmudic imagerynational loss and imagined revival
評価・遺産
Greenberg is regarded as one of the central expressionist poets in modern Hebrew and Yiddish literature. His work, structured around prophetic tone and pain, had a major impact on Israeli literature. His controversial political positions divide opinion, but his literary stature remains high.
関連学会
- Frequently studied within academic societies for Hebrew literature
資料所蔵先
- Bialik Institute (holds complete works and archival materials)
大衆文化への影響
- Regularly cited in Israeli literary education and poetry studies
豆知識
- Served in the Austro-Hungarian Army 1915–1918 and deserted in 1918.
- In the 1920s participated in the Yiddish literary movement in Warsaw and edited the journal Albatros.
- Received the Bialik Prize in 1947, 1954 and 1977, and the Israel Prize in 1957.
- His parents and sisters were murdered in the Holocaust; survival and memory became central themes in his poetry.
- Elected to the first Knesset in 1949 as a member of Herut but lost his seat in 1951.