National Outdoor Book Award
1 appearances
-
Edition 15 (2011) Winner
John Muir
ジョン・ミューア
John Muir
Aliases:
John of the Mountains / Father of the National Parks
Profile
- Gender
- Male
- Born
- 1838-04-21 （Dunbar, Scotland）
- Died
- 1914-12-24 （Los Angeles, California, U.S.） age 76
- Nationality
- Scottish, American
- Languages
- English
- Religion
- Disciples of Christ (upbringing)
- Residence History
- Dunbar, Scotland → Portage, Wisconsin (Fountain Lake Farm) → Yosemite, California → Martinez, California → San Francisco, California
Career
- Occupations
- naturalist, author, environmental philosopher, botanist, zoologist, glaciologist, farmer, activist
- Active Years
- 1867-1914
- Affiliations
- Sierra Club (co-founder; president)
- Memberships
- Sierra Club
- Influenced By
- Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Louis Agassiz
- Influenced
- American conservation movement (via the Sierra Club), Ansel Adams (photographer), Supporters and policymakers of the U.S. national parks system
Education
| Institution | Faculty | Department | Degree | Period | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Wisconsin–Madison | — | Natural sciences | — | 1860–1862 | United States |
University of Wisconsin–Madison
Natural sciences
Period:
1860–1862
Country:
United States
Did not graduate; studied geology and botany informally
Awards
| Year | Award | Work | Category | Organization | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | California Hall of Fame | — | — | State of California | 選出（追贈） |
| 2006 | Hall of Great Westerners | — | — | National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum | 殿堂入り（追贈） |
| 1964 | U.S. commemorative postage stamp | — | — | United States Postal Service | 発行（追贈） |
California Hall of Fame
2006
Organization:
State of California
Result:
選出（追贈）
Hall of Great Westerners
2006
Organization:
National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum
Result:
殿堂入り（追贈）
U.S. commemorative postage stamp
1964
Organization:
United States Postal Service
Result:
発行（追贈）
Awards & Nominations
Works
Major Works
My First Summer in the Sierra
1911 nature writing / travel memoir 320 pagesA record of Muir's first summer in the Sierra: field observations, mountaineering, and lyrical descriptions conveying the sublimity of nature.
wilderness preservationspirituality of natureobservation and natural science
Our National Parks
1901 natural history / conservation 384 pagesEssays advocating the value and protection of America's national parks, based on Muir's experiences in Yosemite and the Sierra.
national park protectionnature worshipadvocacy and public policy
A Thousand-Mile Walk to the Gulf
1916 travel memoir / natural history 250 pagesAn account of Muir's 1,000-mile walk from Kentucky to the Gulf, combining travel narrative, natural observations, and reflections.
natural observationpersonal questecology of the American South
Bibliography
- My First Summer in the Sierra
- Our National Parks
- A Thousand-Mile Walk to the Gulf
- The Cruise of the Corwin
- The Mountains of California
- The Story of My Boyhood and Youth
Adaptations
- Stage plays such as 'Thank God for John Muir' inspired by his life
Style & Themes
- Literary Style
- lyrical, poetic nature descriptionobservation-based scientific reportagedidactic and exhortatory tone
- Recurring Motifs
- mountains and glacierslight and glorynature as home
Health
-
eye injury (corneal laceration)1867（数週間の暗所療養）A turning point: after recovery he resolved to pursue exploration and study of nature
-
pneumonia (cause of death)1914（最終的な罹患）Died of pneumonia in 1914
Legacy
John Muir was a founding figure of the American conservation movement; through his writings about Yosemite and the Sierra and co-founding the Sierra Club he shaped the national parks idea and wilderness preservation. His name graces many places and institutions worldwide. His legacy is celebrated but also critically re-examined regarding some historical attitudes toward Indigenous and Black people.
Museums
- John Muir Birthplace Dunbar, East Lothian, Scotland Opened in 2003
- John Muir National Historic Site Martinez, California, U.S. Opened in 1964
Academic Societies
- John Muir Center for Environmental Studies (University of the Pacific)
Archives
- University of the Pacific (Holt-Atherton Special Collections)
In Popular Culture
- Stage works such as 'Mountain Days' and 'Thank God for John Muir'
- Portrait featured on the California state quarter and U.S. commemorative stamps
- Many places and trails named after him (John Muir Trail, Muir Woods, etc.)
Quotes
-
The mountains are calling and I must go.
Source: Attributed from his writings and letters (1901) -
The clearest way into the Universe is through a forest wilderness.
Source: Writings (1911)
Trivia
- Author abbreviation 'J.Muir' is used in botanical citations.
- Numerous mountains, glaciers, parks, schools and roads are named after him.
- He co-founded the Sierra Club and served as its president until his death.