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José Craveirinha

ジョゼ・クラヴェイリーニャ

José Craveirinha

ペンネーム: Mário Vieira（One of the pseudonyms used in poems and articles）, José Cravo（Pseudonym used for poetry and contributions）, Jesuíno Cravo（Alternate pen name）, J. Cravo / J.C.（Abbreviated signature used）, Abílio Cossa（Pseudonym used for some works）, José G. Vetrinha（Another pseudonym used）

プロフィール

性別
男性
生誕
1922-05-28 （Maputo (then Lourenço Marques), Mozambique）
死没
2003-02-06 （Johannesburg, South Africa） 80歳
国籍
Mozambican
言語
Portuguese, Ronga (influence)

経歴

職業
Writer, Journalist, Poet
活動期間
1940年〜2003年
影響を受けた人物
Négritude movement, Rui de Noronha, Marcelino dos Santos, Noemia de Sousa
影響を与えた人物
Younger Mozambican poets, Anti-colonial Lusophone literature

受賞歴

Prémio Cidade de Lourenço Marques
1959
結果: 受賞
Prémio Reinaldo Ferreira
1961
主催: Centro de Arte e Cultura da Beira
結果: 受賞
Prémio Alexandre Dáskalos
1962
主催: Casa dos Estudantes do Império
結果: 受賞
Prémio Nacional de Poesia de Itália
1975
結果: 受賞
Prémio Lotus
1983
主催: Association of Afro-Asian Writers
結果: 受賞
Nachingwea Medal
1985
主催: Government of Mozambique
結果: 受賞
Medalha de Mérito (Secretaria de Estado da Cultura de São Paulo)
1987
主催: Secretaria de Estado da Cultura de São Paulo
結果: 受賞
Grau de Oficial Grão-Mestre, Ordem Nacional do Cruzeiro do Sul
1990
結果: 受賞
Prémio Camões
1991
主催: Association of Afro-Asian Writers (as recorded in sources)
結果: 受賞（ルーサフォン文学における最高賞）
Prémio Vida Literária
1997
主催: AEMO – Associação de Escritores Moçambicanos
結果: 受賞
Grau de Comendador da Ordem Infante Dom Henrique
1997
結果: 受賞
Ordem de Amizade e Paz
1997
結果: 受賞
Prémio Consagração Fundac – Rui de Noronha
1999
結果: 受賞
Prémio Voices of Africa
2002
主催: Ordfront / Leopard Publishing House
結果: 受賞
Honorary Doctorate (Eduardo Mondlane University)
2002
主催: Eduardo Mondlane University
結果: 授与

受賞・候補エディション

作品

代表作

Chigubo (Xigubo)

1964年 Poetry

Early collection of poems reflecting Ronga cultural elements and support for the liberation struggle.

African self-determinationResistance to colonialismTraditional culture

Cela 1

1980年 Poetry

A collection dealing with imprisonment and political repression.

ImprisonmentPolitical repressionHuman rights

Maria

1988年 Poetry

A personal and lyrical collection written after the death of his wife Maria; later expanded in a second edition.

LossLove and mourningPersonal recollection

Babalaze das Hienas

1997年 Poetry

Late collection portraying Mozambican realities from social and political perspectives.

Social critiquePoliticsAfrican realities

Poemas da Prisão

2003年 Poetry

Collection of poems written during imprisonment or based on prison experiences.

ImprisonmentResistanceRecovery

全著作

  • Chigubo
  • Cantico a un dio di Catrame
  • Karingana ua Karingana
  • Cela 1
  • Izbranie
  • Maria
  • Voglio essere tamburo
  • Babalaze das Hienas
  • Hamina e outros contos
  • Contacto e outras crónicas
  • Poesia Toda
  • Obra Poética
  • Dikter
  • Poemas da Prisão
  • Poesia Erótica

作品の翻訳

  • Izbranie
  • Cantico a un dio di Catrame
  • Dikter

作風・主題

文体
Politically direct poetic voiceIncorporation of African rhythms and imagery
頻出モチーフ
Self-determinationResistance to colonialismAfrican landscapesLoss and mourning

評価・遺産

Considered Mozambique's greatest poet, Craveirinha is highly regarded for his contributions to anti-colonial and Lusophone literature. His name endures in literary prizes, scholarship, and education.

関連学会

  • Associação dos Escritores Moçambicanos (AEMO)

資料所蔵先

  • Eduardo Mondlane University archives

大衆文化への影響

  • The José Craveirinha Prize for Literature was established in his name and serves as a symbol of Mozambican culture.
  • His poems and life are referenced in Mozambican curricula and scholarly research.

豆知識

  • Involved in football and athletics, helping to coach and support athletes.
  • Arranged an athletic scholarship in the United States for Maria de Lurdes Mutola.
  • Wrote under numerous pseudonyms.