National Prize for Literature (Chile)
1 appearances
-
Edition 28 (1969) Winner
Nicanor Parra
ニカノール・パラ
Nicanor Parra
Pen Names:
Anti-poet（Used in the context of his self-described 'anti-poetry' approach）
Profile
- Gender
- Male
- Born
- 1914-09-05 （San Fabián de Alico, Chile）
- Died
- 2018-01-23 （La Reina, Santiago, Chile） age 103
- Nationality
- Chilean
- Languages
- Spanish
- Residence History
- Chile (majority of life) → United States (study and visiting professor) → United Kingdom (study)
Career
- Occupations
- Poet, Physicist, Professor
- Active Years
- 1937-2018
- Affiliations
- University of Chile (faculty), Louisiana State University (visiting professor), New York University (visiting professor), Yale University (visiting professor)
- Influenced By
- Gabriela Mistral, Pablo Neruda
- Influenced
- Allen Ginsberg (Beat writers), Roberto Bolaño
- Nominations
- Proposed for the Nobel Prize in Literature (nominated on multiple occasions)
Education
| Institution | Faculty | Department | Degree | Period | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Chile (Instituto Pedagógico) | Teacher education | Mathematics and Physics | 教員資格（数学・物理） | 1933–1938 | Chile |
| Brown University | Physics (studies) | Physics | — | 1943–1945（在学期間、正確な終了年は不明） | United States |
| University of Oxford | Cosmology studies | Physics | — | 1948（在学・研修） | United Kingdom |
University of Chile (Instituto Pedagógico)
Teacher education
/ Mathematics and Physics
Degree:
教員資格（数学・物理）
Period:
1933–1938
Year of Graduation:
1938
Country:
Chile
Qualified as a teacher of mathematics and physics in 1938. First poetry collection published around same time.
Brown University
Physics (studies)
/ Physics
Period:
1943–1945（在学期間、正確な終了年は不明）
Country:
United States
Studied physics at Brown University.
University of Oxford
Cosmology studies
/ Physics
Period:
1948（在学・研修）
Year of Graduation:
1948
Country:
United Kingdom
Studied cosmology at Oxford (short-term attendance/research).
Awards
| Year | Award | Work | Category | Organization | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | Miguel de Cervantes Prize | — | — | Spanish Ministry of Culture (Cervantes Prize) | 受賞 |
| 2012 | Pablo Neruda Ibero-American Poetry Award | — | — | Pablo Neruda Award Committee | 受賞 |
Miguel de Cervantes Prize
2011
Organization:
Spanish Ministry of Culture (Cervantes Prize)
Result:
受賞
Pablo Neruda Ibero-American Poetry Award
2012
Organization:
Pablo Neruda Award Committee
Result:
受賞
Awards & Nominations
FIL Literary Award in Romance Languages
1 appearances
-
Edition 1 (1991) Winner
Miguel de Cervantes Prize
1 appearances
-
Edition 37 (2011) Winner
Works
Major Works
Cancionero sin nombre (Songbook without a Name)
1937 PoetryEarly collection of poems; marks the starting point of Parra's poetic work.
early poetrypersonal lyricism
Poemas y antipoemas (Poems and Antipoems)
1954 Poetry (anti-poetry)Parra's seminal work; introduces 'anti-poetry' dismantling traditional poetic pretensions and deeply influencing 20th-century Latin American poetry.
anti-poetryeveryday languagesatire
Translations
- Poems and Antipoems (English translation, edited by Miller Williams and others)
- Antipoems, New and Selected (English translation, New Directions, 1985)
La cueca larga (The Long Cueca)
1958 PoetryIncorporates Chilean cultural elements, referencing the cueca dance.
folk elementscultural identity
Obras completas I & algo + (Complete Works I and Something More)
2006 Collected worksPart of a collected edition compiling works from across his career.
retrospectivecompilation
Bibliography
- Cancionero sin nombre (1937)
- Poemas y antipoemas (1954)
- La cueca larga (1958)
- Versos de salón (1962)
- Manifiesto (1963)
- Obras completas I & algo + (2006)
- Obras Completas II & algo + (2011)
- El último apaga de luz (2017)
Adaptations
- Fictionalized version of Parra appears in the film 'Endless Poetry' (directed by Alejandro Jodorowsky, 2016)
Translations of Works
- Poems and Antipoems (English translation, 1967, New Directions et al.)
- Antipoems, New and Selected (English translation, 1985)
- After-Dinner Declarations (English translation, 2009)
Style & Themes
- Literary Style
- anti-poetrycolloquial and direct dictionsatire and irony
- Recurring Motifs
- everyday lifedeath and agingpolitical and social satireparadoxical use of religious motifs
Legacy
Nicanor Parra is considered one of the most influential Spanish-language poets of the 20th century. As the proposer of 'anti-poetry,' he left a significant mark on literature, receiving major honors such as the Cervantes Prize (2011). His works continue to be translated internationally.
Archives
- Library of Congress (recorded reading in 1970 and audio archive)
In Popular Culture
- Appears fictionalized in the film 'Endless Poetry' (2016)
Quotes
-
"Me retracto de todo lo dicho." (I take back everything I've said.)
Source: Said after recitations / in the context of his poetry readings
Trivia
- Comes from the prolific Parra family of artists; his sister Violeta Parra was a prominent folk singer.
- Served as professor of theoretical physics at the University of Chile from 1952 to 1991.
- Reportedly proposed for the Nobel Prize in Literature on multiple occasions.
- Received the Miguel de Cervantes Prize in 2011 and the Pablo Neruda Ibero-American Poetry Award in 2012.
- Died in 2018 at the age of 103.