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Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings

マージョリー・キナン・ローリングス

Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings

Profile

Gender
Female
Born
1896-08-08 （Washington, D.C., U.S.）
Died
1953-12-14 （St. Augustine, Florida, U.S.） age 57
Nationality
United States
Languages
English
Residence History
Washington, D.C. → Louisville, Kentucky → Rochester, New York → Cross Creek (near Hawthorne), Florida → Crescent Beach / St. Augustine area, Florida → Van Hornesville / Stark, New York

Career

Occupations
Writer, Short story author, Creative writing instructor
Active Years
1928-1953
Affiliations
Courier Journal (contributor), Rochester Journal-American (contributor), Scribner's (publisher; editor Maxwell Perkins), University of Florida (taught creative writing; bequeathed property)
Memberships
Kappa Alpha Theta (college), Mortar Board (honor society)
Influenced By
Maxwell Perkins (editor), Southern and Florida local traditions and neighbors
Influenced
Later Florida regional writers, Young-adult readership (influence of The Yearling)

Education

University of Wisconsin–Madison
English
Degree: BA
Period: 1914–1918
Year of Graduation: 1918
Country: United States
Active on the school literary magazine; member of Kappa Alpha Theta

Awards

Pulitzer Prize for Fiction
1939
Work: The Yearling
Organization: Pulitzer Prize Board
Result: 受賞
Newbery Honor
1956
Work: The Secret River
Organization: American Library Association
Result: 受賞
Florida Women's Hall of Fame
1986
Organization: Florida Commission on the Status of Women
Result: 殿堂入り
Florida Folk Heritage Award
1989
Organization: Florida Department of State / Division of Historical Resources
Result: 受賞
United States Postal Service stamp
2008
Organization: United States Postal Service
Result: 称揚（肖像切手）
Great Floridian
2009
Organization: Florida Division of Historical Resources
Result: 表彰

Awards & Nominations

Works

Major Works

The Yearling

1938 Novel (rural fiction; coming-of-age)

A story set in rural Florida about a boy who adopts an orphaned fawn; explores family relationships, coming-of-age, and the bond between humans and nature.

coming-of-agefamilyhuman-nature relationshiploss
Adaptations
  • [Film] The Yearling / Clarence Brown (1946)

Cross Creek

1942 Autobiographical memoir / essays

An autobiographical account of her life in Cross Creek, her neighbors, and the natural environment she loved.

sense of placecommunitynature depiction
Adaptations
  • [Film] Cross Creek / Martin Ritt (1983)

South Moon Under

1933 Novel (Southern/rural)

Set in the Big Scrub of Florida, it tells of a young man who makes moonshine to support his family and the conflicts that arise.

povertysurvivalcommunity

The Sojourner

1953 Novel

A novel set in the North about a man's life and complicated family relationships; one of her later works.

family dynamicsalienation

Bibliography

  • Blood of My Blood (1928)
  • South Moon Under (1933)
  • Golden Apples (1935)
  • The Yearling (1938)
  • When the Whippoorwill (1940)
  • Cross Creek (1942)
  • Cross Creek Cookery (1942)
  • Mountain Prelude (1947)
  • Jacob's Ladder (1950)
  • The Sojourner (1953)
  • The Secret River (1955, posthumous)

Adaptations

  • The Yearling (1946 film, dir. Clarence Brown)
  • Cross Creek (1983 film, dir. Martin Ritt)
  • Mountain Prelude adapted as The Sun Comes Up (1950 film)

Style & Themes

Literary Style
detailed, sensory description of naturerealist style with emphasis on interior lives
Recurring Motifs
land and naturefamily and parent-child relationsgrowth and loss

Health

  • alcoholism
    1930年代〜1953年
    Contributed to declining health and affected creative work; believed to have been a factor in the cerebral hemorrhage leading to death.
  • depression (episodic)
    生涯を通じて断続的
    Affected productivity and is reflected in uneven reception of some works.

Legacy

Rawlings is celebrated for bringing the Florida landscape and its people to a wide audience. She won the Pulitzer Prize for The Yearling, bequeathed property to the University of Florida, and her home is preserved as a historic state park. Film adaptations and posthumous publications have extended her influence.

Museums

  • Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings Historic State Park Cross Creek (near Hawthorne), Florida
  • Rawlings Hall (University of Florida) Gainesville, Florida Opened in 1958

Academic Societies

  • Florida Women's Hall of Fame
  • Programs of the Florida Division of Historical Resources

Archives

  • University of Florida Special Collections (Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings Papers)
  • University of South Carolina (Robert Middendorf & Rodger Tarr collections)

In Popular Culture

  • Film adaptations of The Yearling and Cross Creek have kept her work in cinematic and literary circulation.

Quotes

  • I don't hold any brief for regionalism, and I don't hold with the regional novel as such … don't make a novel about them unless they have a larger meaning than just quaintness.
    Source: Interview / essay (date unspecified)

Trivia

  • The Yearling won the 1939 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction.
  • The Secret River (posthumous) received a Newbery Honor in 1956.
  • Her Cross Creek home and farm were bequeathed and are preserved as Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings Historic State Park.
  • She was involved in a notable invasion-of-privacy lawsuit (Cason v. Rawlings/Baskin) related to Cross Creek.