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John le Carré

ジョン・ル・カレ

John le Carré

ペンネーム: John le Carré（Pseudonym used for publishing while employed by the Foreign Office/intelligence services and thereafter as an author）

プロフィール

性別
男性
生誕
1931-10-19 （Poole, Dorset, England）
死没
2020-12-12 （Truro, Cornwall, England） 89歳
国籍
United Kingdom, Ireland
言語
English
居住地歴
St Buryan, Cornwall — lived for over 40 years → Gainsborough Gardens, Hampstead, London — owned a house

経歴

職業
Novelist, Intelligence officer (MI5/MI6), Writer / columnist
活動期間
1958年〜2020年
影響を受けた人物
John Bingham (influential friend and crime-writer model for early characters), Vivian H. H. Green (tutor and influence)

学歴

University of Bern
Faculty of Languages (Foreign Languages) / Foreign Languages (German)
期間: 1948–1949
国: Switzerland
Attended for language studies; did not complete a degree at Bern
Lincoln College, Oxford
Modern Languages (German Literature)
学位: BA (First-Class honours)
期間: 1952–1956
卒業年: 1956
国: United Kingdom
Worked covertly for MI5 during his studies

受賞歴

Gold Dagger
1963
対象作品: The Spy Who Came in from the Cold
主催: Crime Writers' Association
結果: 受賞
Somerset Maugham Award
1964
対象作品: The Spy Who Came in from the Cold
主催: Society of Authors
結果: 受賞
Edgar Award
1965
対象作品: The Spy Who Came in from the Cold
主催: Mystery Writers of America
結果: 受賞
Gold Dagger
1977
対象作品: The Honourable Schoolboy
主催: Crime Writers' Association
結果: 受賞
James Tait Black Memorial Prize (Fiction)
1977
対象作品: The Honourable Schoolboy
主催: James Tait Black Memorial Prize
結果: 受賞
Japan Adventure Fiction Association Prize
1983
対象作品: The Little Drummer Girl
主催: Japan Adventure Fiction Association
結果: 受賞
Edgar Grand Master
1984
主催: Mystery Writers of America
結果: 受賞（生涯業績）
Diamond Dagger
1988
主催: Crime Writers' Association
結果: 生涯功労賞
Dagger of Daggers
2005
対象作品: The Spy Who Came in from the Cold
主催: Crime Writers' Association
結果: 受賞（過去作品から選出された栄誉）
Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters
2005
主催: Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
結果: 受章
Goethe Medal
2011
主催: Goethe-Institut
結果: 受賞
Olof Palme Prize
2020
主催: The Olof Palme Memorial Fund
結果: 受賞（賞金はMSFへ寄付）

受賞・候補エディション

作品

代表作

The Spy Who Came in from the Cold

1963年 Spy fiction

A Cold War espionage novel portraying the moral ambiguity and compromises of intelligence work through the story of Alec Leamas.

Cold Warmoral ambiguitybetrayal
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film) / Martin Ritt (1965)
翻訳
  • The Spy Who Came in from the Cold

Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy

1974年 Spy fiction

George Smiley returns to uncover a mole within the Circus; a complex depiction of institutional failure and betrayal in intelligence services.

institutional decaybetrayalorganizational corruption
映像化・舞台化
  • [TV series / Film] Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy (2011 film) / Tomas Alfredson (2011)
翻訳
  • Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy

A Perfect Spy

1986年 Autobiographical-tinged spy novel

Chronicles Magnus Pym's upbringing and moral formation that lead him to become a spy; widely seen as le Carré's most autobiographical novel.

family relationshipscon art and deceptionidentity
翻訳
  • A Perfect Spy

The Night Manager

1993年 Spy fiction (post-Cold War)

Deals with post–Cold War international crime: arms and drug trafficking, shadow banking and corrupt officials; the protagonist becomes embroiled in a global conspiracy.

post-Cold War crimeinternational corruptionconspiracy
映像化・舞台化
  • [TV series] The Night Manager (TV series, 2016) / 複数（主にSusanne Bier等） (2016)
翻訳
  • The Night Manager

The Constant Gardener

2001年 Political suspense / Spy fiction

A pursuit to expose corruption linking pharmaceutical companies and political interests in Africa; themes of justice and moral responsibility.

corporate malfeasanceethics of international aidrevenge and justice
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] The Constant Gardener (film) / Fernando Meirelles (2005)
翻訳
  • The Constant Gardener

The Little Drummer Girl

1983年 Spy fiction

A novel exploring the Israeli–Palestinian conflict through the lens of espionage, with ethical dilemmas and political complexity.

Middle East conflictpolitical duty vs individualundercover operations
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film / TV] The Little Drummer Girl (film/TV adaptations) / 次作により異なる (1984)
翻訳
  • The Little Drummer Girl

全著作

  • Call for the Dead (1961)
  • A Murder of Quality (1962)
  • The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (1963)
  • Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy (1974)
  • The Honourable Schoolboy (1977)
  • Smiley's People (1979)
  • A Perfect Spy (1986)
  • The Night Manager (1993)
  • The Constant Gardener (2001)
  • Agent Running in the Field (2019)
  • Silverview (2021)

翻案

  • The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film, 1965)
  • Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy (TV series 1979, film 2011)
  • The Constant Gardener (film, 2005)
  • The Night Manager (TV series, 2016)

作風・主題

文体
measured and observant prosefocus on moral and psychological ambiguity rather than actionmeticulous plotting
頻出モチーフ
betrayalduality / double lifefragility of Western democracy

評価・遺産

Internationally acclaimed for Cold War-era spy novels that brought moral and psychological depth to espionage literature. Many works adapted for screen; he profoundly influenced late-20th and early-21st century English-language fiction.

関連学会

  • Crime Writers' Association (CWA)

資料所蔵先

  • Donated literary archive to the Bodleian Library, Oxford (initial deposit 2010)

大衆文化への影響

  • Numerous film and TV adaptations; became canonical within the spy fiction genre

引用

  • "A Perfect Spy" was called "the best English novel since the war."
    出典: Philip Roth (quotation) (1986年)
  • “I think my own ties to England were hugely loosened over the last few years. And it's a kind of liberation, if a sad kind.”
    出典: Interview (The Guardian) (2019年)

豆知識

  • Born David John Moore Cornwell.
  • Wrote early novels while employed by MI5/MI6 and therefore used a pen name.
  • Acquired Irish citizenship late in life.
  • Final novel Silverview was published posthumously in 2021.
  • Donated his literary archive to the Bodleian Library.