Prix Femina
1回登壇
-
第66回（1969年） Winner
Jorge Semprún
ホルヘ・センプルン・マウラ
Jorge Semprún Maura
別名:
Federico Sánchez / フェデリコ・サンチェス
ペンネーム:
Federico Sánchez（Pseudonym used during clandestine activities in Spain (exiled Communist Party work)）
プロフィール
- 性別
- 男性
- 生誕
- 1923-12-10 （Madrid, Spain）
- 死没
- 2011-06-07 （Paris, France） 87歳
- 国籍
- Spanish
- 言語
- French, Spanish, German, English
- 居住地歴
- France (long-term residence, mainly Paris) → The Hague, Netherlands (family diplomatic posting) → Madrid, Spain (birthplace)
経歴
- 職業
- Author, Screenwriter, Politician
- 活動期間
- 1942年〜2011年
- 所属
- Communist Party of Spain (exiled branch, former member), Action Against Hunger (honorary chairman, Spanish branch)
- 所属団体
- Académie Goncourt (member)
- 影響を受けた人物
- Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, French authors (general influence), Spanish historical and political context
- 影響を与えた人物
- Contemporary European writers (influenced debates on memory and testimony), Pablo Daniel Magee (inspired to become a writer)
学歴
| 学校 | 学部 | 学科 | 学位 | 期間 | 国 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lycée Henri-IV | — | — | — | 1930年代後半-1940年代前半（在籍期間の詳細不明） | France |
| Sorbonne (University of Paris) | — | — | — | 在籍年不明 | France |
Lycée Henri-IV
期間:
1930年代後半-1940年代前半（在籍期間の詳細不明）
国:
France
Educated in France as an émigré; later attended the Sorbonne
Sorbonne (University of Paris)
期間:
在籍年不明
国:
France
Details of degree completion uncertain due to wartime and resistance activities
受賞歴
| 年 | 賞名 | 対象作品 | 部門 | 主催 | 結果 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1997 | Jerusalem Prize | — | — | Jerusalem Prize committee | 受賞 |
| 2002 | Ovid Prize | — | — | Ovid Prize Foundation (Romania) | 受賞（創設時の受賞者） |
| 1977 | Premio Planeta | Autobiografía de Federico Sánchez | — | Editorial Planeta | 受賞 |
| 1963 | Prix Formentor | Le grand voyage (The Long Voyage) | — | Prix Formentor committee | 受賞 |
| 1970 | Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay (nominee) | Z | 脚色賞（Best Adapted Screenplay） | Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences | ノミネート（受賞は逃す） |
Jerusalem Prize
1997
主催:
Jerusalem Prize committee
結果:
受賞
Ovid Prize
2002
主催:
Ovid Prize Foundation (Romania)
結果:
受賞（創設時の受賞者）
Premio Planeta
1977
対象作品:
Autobiografía de Federico Sánchez
主催:
Editorial Planeta
結果:
受賞
Prix Formentor
1963
対象作品:
Le grand voyage (The Long Voyage)
主催:
Prix Formentor committee
結果:
受賞
Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay (nominee)
1970
対象作品:
Z
部門:
脚色賞（Best Adapted Screenplay）
主催:
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
結果:
ノミネート（受賞は逃す）
受賞・候補エディション
作品
代表作
Le grand voyage (The Long Voyage / The Cattle Truck)
1963年 Novel (fictionalized memoir)A fragmented, non-linear account based on Semprún's deportation to Buchenwald, shifting between the train journey, resistance memories, and camp experiences.
memoryconcentration campdeportationresistance
翻訳
- Long Voyage / The Cattle Truck (English translations)
Quel beau dimanche! (What a Beautiful Sunday)
1980年 Novel (camp-life narrative)Centers on a single day in Buchenwald but moves backward and forward in time, probing how to convey camp experiences and the effects of memory.
temporal disjunctionmemory and testimonycritique of Stalinism and fascism
翻訳
- What a Beautiful Sunday! (English translation)
L'Écriture ou la vie (Literature or Life / Writing or Life)
1994年 Essay / MemoirAn essayistic meditation on the relation between memory and writing, explaining Semprún's choices about how to write about deportation and revisiting scenes from earlier works.
ethics of memory and writingself-reflectionmemory of Europe
Autobiografía de Federico Sánchez
1977年 Autobiography / Political memoirA memoir of his clandestine activities in the exiled Communist Party of Spain and his eventual expulsion, offering an internal critique of party politics during the Cold War.
political memoirparty critiqueindividual vs organization
全著作
- Le grand voyage (Grand voyage)
- Évanouissement
- Deuxième mort de Ramón Mercader (Second death of Ramón Mercader)
- Repérages: Photographies by Alain Resnais
- Autobiografía de Federico Sánchez
- Desvanecimiento
- Quel beau dimanche! (What a Beautiful Sunday)
- Algarabie
- Montand, la vie continue
- Montagne blanche
- Netchaïev est de retour
- Le Retour de Carola Neher
- Pensar en Europa (essays)
- Une Tombe au Creux des Nuages: Essays on Europe
- Moi, Eléanor, Fille de Karl Marx, Juive
- Teatro completo (Complete plays)
翻案
- Film 'Z' (screenplay collaboration)
- Film 'The Confession' (screenplay collaboration)
- Participation in screenplays such as 'La Guerre est finie'
作品の翻訳
- Le grand voyage → Long Voyage / The Cattle Truck (English translations)
- Quel beau dimanche! → What a Beautiful Sunday! (English translation)
- Autobiografía de Federico Sánchez → Autobiography of Federico Sánchez (English translation)
作風・主題
- 文体
- non-linear chronologyself-reflexive and autobiographical elementslayered recollection and narrative
- 頻出モチーフ
- memory and forgettingconcentration camp (Buchenwald)trains/deportation journeysEuropean history and identity
評価・遺産
Known for works that interrogate memory of concentration camp experiences and European history, Semprún wrote primarily in French while gaining international recognition. He also worked as a screenwriter and served in cultural policy; notably the first non-French member of the Académie Goncourt.
関連学会
- Académie Goncourt
大衆文化への影響
- Known for screenplay contributions to politically charged films such as 'Z'.
- His tenure as Minister of Culture and resistance experience are subjects of biographies and scholarship.
引用
-
Writing or life — that question of choice is imposed.
出典: L'Écriture ou la vie (1994年)
豆知識
- Arrested by the Gestapo in 1943 and deported to Buchenwald concentration camp.
- Used the alias Federico Sánchez while organizing clandestine activities for the exiled Communist Party of Spain (1953–1962).
- Expelled from the Communist Party in 1964 and thereafter concentrated on writing.
- Nominated for an Academy Award for the screenplay of 'Z' in 1970 (did not win).
- Elected in 1996 as the first non-French member of the Académie Goncourt.
- Served as Spain's Minister of Culture from 1988 to 1991.