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Peter Taylor

ピーター・テイラー

Peter Taylor

別名: Matthew Hillsman Taylor Jr. / Peter Matthew Hillsman Taylor

プロフィール

性別
男性
生誕
1917-01-08 （Trenton, Tennessee）
死没
1994-11-02 （Charlottesville, Virginia） 77歳
国籍
United States
言語
English
居住地歴
Nashville, Tennessee → St. Louis, Missouri → Memphis, Tennessee → Charlottesville, Virginia

経歴

職業
novelist, short story writer, playwright, university teacher
活動期間
1937年〜1994年
所属
Kenyon College (faculty), University of Virginia (faculty), Fellowship of Southern Writers (charter member)
所属団体
Fellowship of Southern Writers
影響を受けた人物
Allen Tate, John Crowe Ransom, Robert Lowell, Robert Penn Warren, Randall Jarrell, Katherine Anne Porter

学歴

Rossman School
期間: 幼年期・初等教育
国: United States
Attended while living in St. Louis.
St. Louis Country Day School
期間: 1930年代
国: United States
Secondary education in St. Louis.
Central High School (Memphis)
期間: 〜1935
卒業年: 1935
国: United States
Graduated in 1935; wrote his first published piece while a student.
Southwestern at Memphis (now Rhodes College)
期間: 1936（在籍）
国: United States
Studied under Allen Tate; encouraged to transfer to Vanderbilt.
Vanderbilt University (transferred)
期間: 1930年代（在籍）
国: United States
Transferred at Allen Tate's encouragement; later left for Kenyon College.
Kenyon College
English
期間: 1930年代-1940年代（在籍）
国: United States
Studied with John Crowe Ransom; befriended Robert Lowell and other contemporaries.

受賞歴

PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction
1986
対象作品: The Old Forest and Other Stories
主催: PEN/Faulkner Foundation
結果: 受賞
Pulitzer Prize for Fiction
1987
対象作品: A Summons to Memphis
主催: Pulitzer Prize Board
結果: 受賞
PEN/Malamud Award
1993
対象作品: Excellence in the art of the short story
主催: PEN
結果: 受賞

受賞・候補エディション

作品

代表作

The Old Forest and Other Stories

1985年 Short story collection

A collection of short stories set in the urban South, exploring family, class, and individuals' roles amid social change.

familysocial statusSouthern historychange and adaptation

A Summons to Memphis

1986年 Novel

A novel about family memory and obligation set against a Tennessee family background; the protagonist confronts the past.

family historymemoryduty

In the Tennessee Country

1994年 Novel

A late novel depicting Tennessee local society and interpersonal relationships, contrasting regional life and inner experience.

local communityrelationshipstradition vs change

全著作

  • A Long Fourth and Other Stories (1948)
  • The Widows of Thornton (1954)
  • A Woman of Means (1950)
  • Happy Families Are All Alike (1959)
  • Miss Leonora When Last Seen (1960)
  • In the Miro District and Other Stories (1977)
  • The Old Forest and Other Stories (1985)
  • The Oracle at Stoneleigh Court (1993)
  • A Summons to Memphis (1986)
  • In the Tennessee Country (1994)

作風・主題

文体
restrained narrationcareful attention to detailrealistic depiction reflecting Southern social contexts
頻出モチーフ
family duty and secretssocial class and reputationshadows of the past

評価・遺産

Peter Taylor is regarded as a master of the American short story in the 20th century, praised for precise character portrayals set in the urban South. He received major literary awards including the Pulitzer Prize and influenced younger writers through his teaching.

関連学会

  • Fellowship of Southern Writers

資料所蔵先

  • Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia
  • Peter Taylor papers at Vanderbilt University (inventory)
  • Peter Hillsman Taylor Papers at East Carolina University (collection)

大衆文化への影響

  • Reappraisal via Library of America two-volume Complete Stories (2017)

豆知識

  • He was married to poet Eleanor Ross Taylor for fifty-one years.
  • His papers and manuscripts are held at the University of Virginia Special Collections.
  • Library of America published a two-volume Complete Stories in 2017.