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John Updike

ジョン・ホイヤー・アップダイク

John Hoyer Updike

プロフィール

性別
男性
生誕
1932-03-18 （Reading, Pennsylvania, U.S.）
死没
2009-01-27 （Danvers, Massachusetts, U.S.） 76歳
国籍
United States
言語
English
宗教
Christianity
居住地歴
Shillington, Pennsylvania (childhood) → Plowville, Pennsylvania → New York City (early career) → Ipswich / Beverly Farms, Massachusetts (long-term residence)

経歴

職業
novelist, short-story writer, poet, literary critic, art critic
活動期間
1954年〜2009年
影響を受けた人物
Marcel Proust, Vladimir Nabokov, J. D. Salinger, John Cheever, Søren Kierkegaard, Karl Barth
影響を与えた人物
Richard Ford, Ann Beattie, Colson Whitehead, Various contemporary American fiction writers

学歴

Harvard University
Department of English
学位: BA (summa cum laude)
期間: 1950–1954
卒業年: 1954
国: United States
Served as president of The Harvard Lampoon
Ruskin School of Art, University of Oxford
Art
期間: 1954–1955
国: United Kingdom
Attended with the ambition of becoming a cartoonist

受賞歴

Pulitzer Prize for Fiction
1982
対象作品: Rabbit Is Rich
主催: Columbia University / Pulitzer Prize
結果: 受賞
Pulitzer Prize for Fiction
1991
対象作品: Rabbit at Rest
主催: Columbia University / Pulitzer Prize
結果: 受賞
National Book Award for Fiction
1964
対象作品: The Centaur
主催: National Book Foundation
結果: 受賞
National Book Award for Fiction
1982
対象作品: Rabbit Is Rich
部門: hardcover
主催: National Book Foundation
結果: 受賞
National Medal of Arts
1989
主催: National Endowment for the Arts / National Medal of Arts
結果: 受賞
National Humanities Medal
2003
主催: National Endowment for the Humanities
結果: 受賞
PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction
2004
対象作品: The Early Stories: 1953–1975
主催: PEN/Faulkner Foundation
結果: 受賞
Rea Award for the Short Story
2006
主催: Rea Award
結果: 受賞
Man Booker International Prize
2005
主催: Man Group / Booker Prize Foundation
結果: ノミネート

受賞・候補エディション

作品

代表作

Rabbit, Run

1960年 Literary realism (novel) 243ページ

Follows Harry "Rabbit" Angstrom's flight from his domestic life and responsibilities, depicting suburban middle-class America and moral conflict.

religionadulterymiddle-class life
翻訳
  • Rabbit, Run (Japanese translation)

Rabbit Redux

1971年 Novel 322ページ

Set against the social changes of the 1960s, it portrays Rabbit's midlife crisis and tensions with those around him.

social changefamilysexuality

Rabbit Is Rich

1981年 Novel 402ページ

Covers Rabbit's later middle age, exploring success, desire, family tensions and religious questions. Winner of the 1982 Pulitzer Prize.

prosperity and decaytheological questionsAmerican affluence

Rabbit at Rest

1990年 Novel 517ページ

Final novel in the Rabbit series dealing with mortality, faith and family; winner of the 1991 Pulitzer Prize.

deathregretfaith

The Centaur

1963年 Novel with mythic allegory 256ページ

Links classical myth to small-town America to explore father–son relationships and human suffering. Winner of the National Book Award.

father and sonmyth vs. realitymortality

The Witches of Eastwick

1984年 Satirical fantasy novel 370ページ

A humorous and satirical tale of three women in a Rhode Island town and supernatural happenings. Adapted into a film.

witchcraftfemale charactershumor and satire
映像化・舞台化
  • [Film] The Witches of Eastwick (film) / George Miller (1987)

全著作

  • Rabbit, Run (1960)
  • The Centaur (1963)
  • Of the Farm (1965)
  • Couples (1968)
  • Rabbit Redux (1971)
  • Rabbit Is Rich (1981)
  • Rabbit at Rest (1990)
  • The Witches of Eastwick (1984)
  • The Early Stories: 1953–1975 (2003)
  • Collected Poems: 1953–1993 (1993)

翻案

  • The Witches of Eastwick (film adaptation)
  • Too Far to Go (TV movie, from the Maples stories)

作品の翻訳

  • Rabbit, Run (Japanese translation)

作風・主題

文体
rich vocabulary and precise descriptiondetail-oriented realismfree indirect discourse and skillful shifts of perspective
頻出モチーフ
religion and faithsex and adulterysuburban American middle classdeath and aging

健康

  • lung cancer
    2008–2009
    Died in hospice in 2009 after battling lung cancer

評価・遺産

A leading chronicler of American middle-class life, multiple major-award winner whose papers are archived at Harvard's Houghton Library; the John Updike Society and ongoing scholarship preserve and promote his work.

記念館・博物館

  • John Updike Childhood Home (memorial site) Shillington, Pennsylvania, U.S.

関連学会

  • John Updike Society

資料所蔵先

  • Houghton Library, Harvard University (John Updike Archive)

大衆文化への影響

  • Featured on Time magazine cover (1968, 1982)
  • Cameo as himself on The Simpsons (2000)
  • The protagonist's nickname "Rabbit" in the film 8 Mile has been associated with Rabbit Angstrom
  • Portrayed in the TV series Julia (2022–2023)

引用

  • I aim to give the mundane its beautiful due.
    出典: Introduction to The Early Stories; various interviews (2004年)
  • All in all this is the happiest fucking country the world has ever seen.
    出典: Rabbit at Rest (line from the novel) (1990年)

豆知識

  • One of only a few writers to win the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction twice.
  • Published extensively in The New Yorker from 1954 onward.
  • The Witches of Eastwick was adapted into a film (1987).
  • Papers and manuscripts are held at Harvard University's Houghton Library (John Updike Archive).