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Mao Dun Literature Prize

まおどんぶんがくしょう

Prestigious literary award given to outstanding full-length novels in China. Established by Mao Dun's will and first awarded in 1982.

Full-length novelChinese literatureLiterary award
Established
1982
Organizer
China Writers Association
Category
General Fiction and Popular Fiction
Selection Method
Recommendation
Target
Professional
Frequency
Every four years
Status
Active

Description

The Mao Dun Literature Prize is a full-length novel award established based on the will of Chinese writer Mao Dun and initiated with funds donated by Mao Dun himself (250,000 RMB). Sponsored by the China Writers Association, it is awarded every four years in principle (there were also periods when it was every three years). Eligible works are those published in mainland China by authors with Chinese nationality, required to have at least 130,000 characters. The selection is conducted by the China Writers Association's selection committee, involving two rounds of voting, with winning requiring more than two-thirds approval of the votes. Typically 3 to 5 winners per edition, it holds high authority both domestically and internationally, although criticisms regarding the selection process have been reported. From the 1st edition in 1982 to the 11th in 2023, many renowned writers have received the award.

Prize

Main Prize
Literary award presented for full-length novels (establishment funds from Mao Dun's donation)
  • Establishment fund: 250,000 RMB donated by Mao Dun (foundational fund at establishment)
  • Typically 3 to 5 winners per edition

Selection

Selection Process

First round voting (preliminary selection)
Judges China Writers Association Selection Committee
Announcement Selection and announcement of preliminary candidates (if applicable)
Second round voting (final voting)
Judges China Writers Association Selection Committee
Pass Rate Winning requires more than two-thirds approval of the votes
Announcement Official announcement of the winning works

Criteria

  • Author must hold Chinese nationality
  • Work must be published in mainland China
  • Work must have 130,000 characters or more
  • Emphasis on literary achievement, depth of themes, and other literary qualities

Application Tips

Dos

  • Confirm that the submitted work meets the character count requirement (130,000 characters or more)
  • Confirm that it has been formally published in mainland China
  • Enhance the literary quality of the work and prepare recommendation channels from publishers or writers' associations, etc.

Don''ts

  • Do not submit works that do not meet the character count or publication requirements
  • Do not rely on official positions or personal connections for submission (there have been past criticisms on this point)
  • Do not submit using unofficial or irregular publication formats

From Judges

  • Keep in mind that the selection is conducted by voting of the selection committee, and winning ultimately requires more than two-thirds approval
  • Typically around 3 to 5 winners per edition

Related Awards

  • Lu Xun Literary Prize
  • Opportunities for translation and international publication (winning works may be published in English translations, etc.)

Official Resources

https://web.archive.org/web/20080619102702/http://www.chinawriter.com.cn/zgzx/zxzyjx/mdwxj/

Past Winners

Yang Zhijun やん じじゅん Winner

A long novel set on the plateau, depicting the transformation of contemporary China and the fate of the people who live there. It combines social concern with a strong sense of landscape and human endurance.

A plateau landscape frames the clash between tradition and change.

680 pages
contemporary Chinaplateausocial change
Qiao Ye ちゃお いえ Winner

A long novel about a village in transformation, where rural modernization and local life are woven into one story. It observes how community, work, and memory evolve in a changing countryside.

A village in transition becomes a portrait of rural modernity.

527 pages
rural transformationcommunitymemory
Liu Liangcheng りゅう りゃんちぇん Winner

A novel that draws on epic imagination to create a world of play, life, and collective memory. It turns the spirit of the Jangar tradition into a contemporary literary landscape.

An epic world of play becomes a modern literary landscape.

333 pages
epic traditionimaginationlife and play
Sun Ganlu そん かんろ Winner

A long novel about time, memory, and Shanghai, set against modern Chinese history. It portrays the inner life of characters and the transformation of the city.

Secret missions and urban change shape Shanghai’s hidden history.

386 pages
timememoryShanghaiurban change
Dong Xi どん しー Winner

A psychological novel in which a murder investigation and a woman detective’s private life unfold side by side. It links criminal inquiry, family pressure, and emotional erosion into one darkly textured story.

An investigation and a private life unravel together.

349 pages
investigationfamily pressurepsychological tension

A family-sweeping novel set across decades of modern China, portraying everyday lives, hardship, and hope through several families. It realistically shows how historical change shapes ordinary people’s lives.

Ordinary lives unfold under the pressure of a changing era.

family historysocial changecollective portrait
Xu Huaizhong Winner

A long novel about how unforgettable memories and the past continue to shape present relationships. Personal recollection and historical awareness intersect throughout a story shaped by loss and renewal.

The weight of memory unsettles the present.

296 pages
memory and losshistorypersonal renewal
Xu Zechen Winner

A novel of movement and decision-making, tracing people who travel from the countryside toward the city and the larger currents of modern China. It depicts migration, labor, and the search for a place to belong.

A journey northward becomes a search for belonging.

466 pages
movement and laborurbanizationhope and aspiration
Chen Yan Winner

A novel centered on a protagonist whose conflict, role, and relationships reveal the problems of contemporary society. Its main concerns are identity and responsibility.

A central figure is tested by duty, role, and relationship.

identityresponsibilityrelationships
Li Er Winner

A novel structured around family and sibling relations, exploring moral choice and the way history affects human nature. Its fine-grained psychology and historical awareness give it its force.

Family ties expose the pressure of moral choice.

familybrotherhoodmoral choice
Ge Fei Winner

A trilogy set in Jiangnan that traces memory, desire, and the transformation of a local community through three linked novels. Its poetic, experimental prose turns regional change into a study of identity and historical memory.

Three linked novels turn the shifting landscape of Jiangnan into a study of memory and identity.

Jiangnanregional identitymemory and identity
Wang Meng Winner

A long novel about the relationship between place and the individual, memory and history, set against the changing lives of contemporary Chinese society. It focuses on how ordinary people live through social transformation.

A portrait of everyday lives shaped by memory, history, and social change.

705 pages
place and memorysocial changeindividual and society
Li Peifu Winner

The concluding novel of Li Peifu’s Plains Trilogy, it portrays regional change and the fate of individuals and families. The novel centers on the clash between rural life and urbanization, memory, and the texture of everyday survival.

A novel about people who carry the weight of the plain on their shoulders.

548 pages
rural lifesocial changefamilyhistory
Jin Yucheng Winner

A polyphonic Shanghai novel written largely in Shanghainese, following the city’s transformations, ordinary lives, and generational tensions. Its dialect-rich prose recreates the texture of local speech and urban memory.

Shanghai comes alive through the rhythm of dialect and memory.

444 pages
Shanghai city lifeurban changememory and nostalgiagenerational relations

A novel of moral ambiguity and desire, set in a small-city world where violence and obsession steadily tighten the plot. It examines how individual fates are shaped by guilt, history, and the fragility of human relationships.

Violence and desire tighten around a city where nobody stays innocent for long.

484 pages
desireviolencemoral ambiguityhuman relationships
Zhang Wei Winner

This ten-volume, thirty-nine-part novel is framed as a geologist’s notebook and layers people, land, memory, and idealism. Its hallmark is a narrative that spans vast stretches of time and space.

A ten-volume work that follows people and memory as if walking the land itself.

epic novelplateaumemoryidealism
Liu Xinglong Winner

This novel portrays the reality of rural substitute teachers and follows the hardship and dignity of the people who supported education in the reform era countryside. It can be read as an expansion of the themes of Phoenix Piano.

A quiet struggle by the people who keep the school lights on.

293 pages
rural educationteachersreform eradedication
Mo Yan Winner

Centered on the life of the obstetrician known as Auntie, the novel looks back on half a century of family-planning policy. It brings private memory and state policy into sharp collision.

A single woman’s life becomes the history of childbirth and birth control in China.

340 pages
medicinefamily planningwomenmemory
Bi Feiyu Winner

Through the lives and emotions of blind massage practitioners, the novel depicts the world of people living on the margins of the city. Their senses and ethics emerge with remarkable subtlety.

In darkness, the texture of life becomes even more vivid.

281 pages
disabilityurban lifesensationlabor
Liu Zhenyun Winner

Built around the longing for someone to talk to, the novel follows relationships across generations. Its central theme is the rarity of truly understanding conversation within ordinary life.

A story about searching for someone who truly understands what you mean.

362 pages
lonelinessconversationfamilyeveryday life
Jia Pingwa Winner

Set in Qingfeng Street, the novel portrays a changing village and the people who live there. Its dense, place-rooted prose reflects the shifts and strains of rural society.

It captures the pain and energy of a village under transformation.

519 pages
rural lifehome regionsocial changelocal culture
Chi Zijian Winner

The novel follows the history and daily life of the Evenki people living on the right bank of the Ergune River through a narrator’s memory. It tells the changing life of a community that lives in close relation with nature.

It traces the memory of people who live on the river’s far bank.

298 pages
ethnic minoritynaturememorynorthern China
Zhou Daxin Winner

Set inside the fictional national security unit 701, the novel is divided into three parts and depicts the human drama of the intelligence world. Mystery, talent, solitude, and devotion intersect throughout.

It turns the hidden world of intelligence work into human fate.

273 pages
espionagesecret servicetalentfate
Mai Jia Winner

Set in villages around the Danjiangkou Reservoir, the novel traces the changing era through the life of Nuannuan. Landscape and human relationships overlap, revealing both the realities and hopes of rural life.

Between lake and mountain, village life and hope are constantly in motion.

294 pages
rural lifewomenlandscapechange

This four-volume historical novel traces the life of Zhang Juzheng and the Wanli reforms in the Ming dynasty. The second volume follows the Jingcha inspections and the salary-reduction controversy, the third stages the struggle around reform, and the fourth turns to the restoration of imperial power and the collapse of the reforms.

It follows the balance of power that sustains reform until it begins to fall apart.

1580 pages
historical fictionMing dynastyZhang JuzhengWanli reformspolitical struggle
Zhang Jie Winner

This novel follows the life of the writer Wu Wei and traces the changing fortunes of her family across generations. Through the marriages and lives of the women around her, it portrays the upheaval and memory of modern China.

A single woman’s life becomes a lens on modern China’s memory.

341 pages
women’s historyfamilymodern Chinamemory
Chu Chunqiu Winner

Set against half a century of Chinese history from the Anti-Japanese War to the aftermath of the Cultural Revolution, the novel follows Liang Daya and others through military and civilian life. It paints people caught up in their times from both the battlefield and everyday life.

War memory and human endurance are layered into one sweeping story.

564 pages
military fictionwarrevolutionary historyensemble cast
Liu Jianwei Winner

Set in and around a state-owned enterprise during the reform era, the novel portrays the strain between family life and the system. It sharply brings to the surface the ideals and uncertainties of those living through enterprise reform.

The era of reform brings both hesitation and courage.

708 pages
reform erastate-owned enterprisefamilysocial novel
Zong Pu Winner

Centered on an intellectual family that moves south with the Southwest Associated University, the novel depicts wartime China. Scholarship, family, flight, and solidarity overlap, and a warm style brings the era’s wounds into view.

It gently yet deeply portrays wartime exile and the lives of intellectuals.

359 pages
war literatureintellectualsfamilywartime relocation
Zhang Ping Winner

A novel that depicts contradictions within the system and the conflicts of local cadres, questioning personal moral choices and social responsibility. It addresses political and social issues in contemporary China.

Decision (The Choice) traces the tension between Bureaucracy and Moral choice.

BureaucracyMoral choiceSocial justiceLocal politics
Alai Winner

Set in the decade before the 1951 ‘liberation’ of Tibet, the novel follows the Maichi family of Tibetan chieftains as narrated by the youngest, often called the 'idiot' son, portraying a feudal, romantic, and turbulent borderland society facing historical change.

Red Poppies traces the tension between Tibetan society and Feudal power structures.

400 pages
Tibetan societyFeudal power structuresFamily sagaCultural change
Wang Anyi Winner

Traces the life of Wang Qiyao, a Shanghainese woman, from the 1940s through the Cultural Revolution and beyond, using her story to reflect the changes of Shanghai and the fate of its citizens.

The Song of Everlasting Sorrow traces the tension between urban life in Shanghai and time and memory.

urban life in Shanghaitime and memoryfate of women
Wang Xufeng Winner

A three-volume long novel set against the history of China. Centering on tea culture, it addresses historical events such as the Cultural Revolution and explores the theme of culture's victory over violence. It combines literary narrative with scholarly reflection.

Trilogy of the Tea Masters traces the tension between tea culture and culture vs. violence.

tea cultureculture vs. violenceCultural Revolutionmemory and history
Wang Huo Winner

A novel portraying war and the people who live through it. Grounded in socialist realism, it depicts the conflicts, friendships and sacrifices of civilians and soldiers during wartime, exploring human nature.

War and People traces the tension between War and Human nature.

WarHuman natureWorkers and common people
Chen Zhongshi Winner

A sweeping novel set in the White Deer Plain of Shaanxi, depicting nearly a century of family life, land, tradition and social change; detailed, narrative depiction of China's social transformations and human dramas.

White Deer Field traces the tension between Rural community and Family conflict.

Rural communityFamily conflictTradition vs. changeLand and power
Liu Sifen Winner

A novel portraying rural society and individual fates. The work reflects the historical background and cultural changes experienced by the author, focusing on family and community memory and social transformation.

White Gate Willow traces the tension between Social change and Family.

Social changeFamilyImpact of the Cultural RevolutionLocal memory
Liu Yumin Winner

A novel depicting social change and personal upheaval in a regional community during the reform era. Considered the author's major work; won the Mao Dun Literature Prize in 1998.

Unsettled Autumn traces the tension between social change and human relationships.

social changehuman relationshipsregional identity
Lu Yao Winner

An epic novel set in rural Shaanbei following several years in the lives of young people striving to change their circumstances. Through family, friendship, love and the tensions between countryside and city, it realistically portrays Chinese society during the reform era.

Ordinary World traces the tension between rural life and social change.

1200 pages
rural lifesocial changecoming-of-agepoverty and aspiration
Ling Li Winner

A historical novel focusing on power and human fate; considered one of the author's major works.

Young Emperor traces the tension between history and power.

historypowercharacter study
Sun Li Winner

A novel portraying the relationships and conflicts of people living in a rapidly urbanizing China. Co-authored with Yu Xiaohui.

Rhapsody of Metropolis (co-authored with Yu Xiaohui) traces the tension between urbanization and social change.

urbanizationsocial changehuman relationships
Yu Xiaohui Winner

A long novel co-authored with Sun Li that portrays urban transformation and its effects on people's lives and emotions, depicting social and personal conflicts brought by urbanization.

Rhapsody of Metropolis traces the tension between Urbanization and Social change.

UrbanizationSocial changeFamily and interpersonal relations
Liu Baiyu Winner

The Second Sun is a novel reflecting socialist realist perspectives, portraying social and personal contradictions; it reflects the author's orthodox literary stance.

The Second Sun traces the tension between Revolution and Socialism.

RevolutionSocialismIndividual vs. collective
Huo Da Winner

Chronicles three generations of a Hui (Muslim) family of jade carvers in Beijing, addressing market entrepreneurialism, ethnic stereotypes, and social change.

Mu silin de zangli (The Jade King) traces the tension between family history and ethnicity (Hui) and assimilation.

595 pages
family historyethnicity (Hui) and assimilationmarket economy and entrepreneurshipurban modernization
Xiao Ke Honor

A fictionalized account based on his experience leading the Sixth Red Army Group in a breakout of the Nationalist encirclement. Focuses on battle scenes, bonds among soldiers, and the hardships of the revolutionary period.

Bloody Heaven traces the tension between War and Revolution.

WarRevolutionSacrificeComradeship
Xu Xingye Honor

A historical novel. Detailed information such as original publication year and page count is not readily available.

Broken Golden Bowl traces the tension between history and family.

historyfamilytradition and change
Li Zhun Winner

A novel set against the 1938 Yellow River flood, following rural families through disaster and survival.

The flood alters village life and remakes the fate of its people.

historical fictionrural lifewardisasterChinese literature
Zhang Jie Winner

Zhang Jie’s novel is set in the early reform era and explores the friction between bureaucracy and modernization inside China’s industrial sector.

It portrays early reform-era industry through both institutions and human relationships.

reform eraindustrybureaucracyChinese novelsocial change
Liu Xinwu Winner

Liu Xinwu’s novel follows the ordinary lives gathered around a wedding day near Beijing’s Bell and Drum Towers.

It captures a single Beijing day and gives three-dimensional shape to courtyard life.

Beijingurban lifefamilysocial changeChinese novel
Zhou Keqin Winner

A novel of about 200,000 characters depicting the realistic life of a farming family in a desolate village. It reflects the impact of rural policies on the family and is considered a representative work of the Scar literature movement.

Xu Mao and His Daughters traces the tension between rural life and family.

rural lifefamilyeffects of policysocial trauma
Wei Wei Winner

A novel with socialist and patriotic themes. It portrays aspects of modern Chinese history and human drama and received critical recognition.

Orient traces the tension between patriotism and socialism.

patriotismsocialismstate and individual
Mo Yingfeng Winner

A novel focusing on military figures and postwar society, exploring personal conflicts and historical background through character-driven drama.

General's Chant traces the tension between military and postwar society.

militarypostwar societyhuman drama
Yao Xueyin Winner

The first volume of a long historical novel depicting the life of Li Zicheng, a leader of peasant rebellions at the end of the Ming dynasty; mixes historical fact and fiction in a multi-character narrative.

Li Zicheng (volume 1) traces the tension between history and rebellion.

historyrebellionfate of the peoplerise and fall of power
Gu Hua Winner

Set in a small mountainous town in Hunan, the novel depicts society and daily life during the Cultural Revolution, exploring the clash between tradition and change, with a focus on rural life and women's fates.

Furong Town (Furong zhen) traces the tension between Rural life and Impact of the Cultural Revolution.

260 pages
Rural lifeImpact of the Cultural RevolutionTradition vs. changeSocial pressure and individual fate
Li Guowen Winner

A novel portraying the lives and inner worlds of people amid social change, combining warmth with critical insight.

Spring in Winter traces the tension between social change and human relationships.

social changehuman relationshipseveryday life